Patient Assessment Test 1 Set 4

Front 1

Hypopnea (1 and 2causes)

Back 1

1)abnormally shallow breathing

2)pleuritic pain
3)following surgery

Front 2

Tachypnea what is it?

Back 2

rapid breathing w/ PERSISTENT rate over 20/min

Front 3

Bradypnea
a)what is it?
b)causes (5 of many)

Back 3

a)breathing rate lower than 12/min

b1)metabolic alkalosis
b2)narcotic overdose
b3)infection
b4)great cardiorespiratory fitness
b5)response to pain of pleurisy

Front 4

Biot's
a)what is it? (2)
b)causes (3)

Back 4

a)irregular interspersed periods of apnea in disorganized sequence of breaths
a2)NO PATTERN!!

b1)incr intracranial pressure
b2)drug induced respiratory depression
b3)brain damage

Front 5

Cheyne-Stokes
a)what is it? (2)
b)causes (3)

Back 5

1)irregular breathing w/ intermittent periods of incr/decr rates and depths of of breaths alternating w/ periods of apnea
a2)more patterned than Biot's

b1)drug induced respiratory depression
b2)CHF
b3)brain damage

Front 6

Hyperpnea/Kussmaul's
a)what is it?
b)causes (4 of many)

Back 6

a)labored, rapid, deep breathing, can result in hyperventilation

b1)pain
b2)metabolic acidosis
b3)hypoexemia
b4)ASA poisoning

Front 7

Trachial Tug? (2)

Back 7

1)=collapsed lung (pneumothorax)
2)will also see no breath sounds on one side of lung

Front 8

Barrel chest? (2)

Back 8

1)=emphysema/COPD
2)anterior to posterior length of chest is longer than transverse (armpit to armpit)

Front 9

PND? (4)

Back 9

1)sudden onset of SOB @ night during sleep
2)relieved by sitting up
3)CHF!!!!!
4)due to fluid in lungs

Front 10

Orthopnea? (3)

Back 10

1)hard to breathe while lying flat
2)referred to in # of pillows required to let them breathe easily
3)CHF!!!!!!!!!!

Front 11

Constant use of accessory muscles during breathering=

Back 11

COPD/CHF/asthma b/c of increased MVO2

Front 12

Clubbing? (1 and 3causes)

Back 12

1)incr angle of nail bed
2)COPD w/ cyanosis
3)CV problems w/ cyanosis
4)intrathoracic tumors

Front 13

Crepitus? (2 and 1cause)

Back 13

1)crackly, crinkly, buddly sensation below skin
2)IS INFECTION BY PSEUDOMONAS
3)gas below skin

Front 14

Pleural Friction Rub (3)

Back 14

1)sounds like leather on leather/coarse on inspiration
2)caused by inflammation/infexn of pleural surfaces
3)pain will also be seen on inspiration

Front 15

Tactile Fremitus (3)

Back 15

1)indicates fluid in lung
2)ask pt to say few words (99 or name)
3)words will be heard clearly in part of lung w/ fluid and not so much in parts w/ air

Front 16

A DULL (not flat or resonant) chest percussion = (4 and 1quality of the sound)

Back 16

1)pneumonia
2)asthma
3)pneumothorax
4)pleural effusion

1)like a thud

Front 17

HYPERRESONANT chest percussion sound= (3 and 3quality of the sound)

Back 17

1)asthma
2)EMPHYSEMA
3)pneumothorax

1)VERY lound/low pitch/booming

Front 18

Vesicular chest auscultation sounds? (4)

Back 18

1)sound of air in healthy lung
2)soft, low pitch
3)heard over most lung fields
4)expiratory is frequently inaudible

Front 19

Bronchovesicular chest auscultation sounds (3)

Back 19

1)heard next to sternum over main bronchi
2)heard over 1/2 ICS anteriorly
3)mix of vesicular/bronchial sounds

Front 20

Bronchial chest auscultation sounds? (3)

Back 20

1)amphoral (blowing over empty bottle) sound of air moving in trachea
2)expiration is louder
3)heard over manubrium

Front 21

Adventitious Breath sounds
a)def
b)4 of em

Back 21

a)sounds heard during breathing that represent abnormalities

b1)crackles
b2)rhonchi
b3)wheezing
b4)friction rub

Front 22

Crackles (2 and 4causes)

Back 22

1)hair across hair or like rice crispies w/ milk
2)not cleared by cough

1)bronchitis
2)resp. infexns
3)pulmonary edema
4)CHF

Front 23

Rhonchi (3 and 1cause)

Back 23

1)low pitch SNORE
2)heard in all of inspiration and expiration
3)cough may clear it

1)BRONCHITIS

Front 24

Wheeze (2 and 3cause)

Back 24

1)high pitch whistle
2)heard in insp./exp. but louder in expiration

1)asthma
2)COPD
3)tumor/foreign body obstruction

Front 25

Bilateral wheeze=...
Unilateral wheeze=...

Back 25

B)asthma
U)foreign body in R airway or pneumonia

Front 26

Voice resonance chest tests (3)

Back 26

1)bronchophony
2)whispered pectoriloquy
3)egophony

Front 27

Bronchophony (3)

Back 27

1)Exaggeration of vocal sounds from a bronchus
2)have pt repeat 99
3)=pulmonary consolidation, fluid, pneumonia

Front 28

Whispered Pectoriloquy (4)

Back 28

1)hear whisper thru stethoscope
2)=airless lung tissue
3)have pt whisper 1-2-3
4)pneumonia, consolidation

Front 29

Egophony (2)

Back 29

1)have pt say "eeeee"
2)intensity of eeee is incr w/ consolidation

Front 30

Acute Bronchitis symptoms (3)

Back 30

1)upper respiratory stuff (snotty/head cold)
2)LATER PRESENT W/ COUGH
3)is viral

Front 31

Pleural effusion (3)

Back 31

1)fluid in thoracic cavity (not lungs)
2)fluid b/w visceral and parietal pleural sacs
3)caused by infexn, neoplasm, trauma

Front 32

Empyema symptoms (2)

Back 32

1)PUS IN PLEURAL CAVITY
2)infxn in lungs/trauma

Front 33

Flu symptoms...(7) and how do ppl die from it?

Back 33

1)runny nose
2)cough
3)fever
4)HA
5)sore throat
6)achy (hit by a truck)
7)NO n/v
8)ppl die from secondary infexns)

Front 34

Tension pneumothorax (3)

Back 34

1)TRACHIAL DEVIATION IS SEEN
2)air can enter pleural space but cannot escape by route of entry
3)increases pressure in pleural space w/ collapse of lung

Front 35

Asthma (disease characteristics not symptoms) (3)

Back 35

1)chronic inflammatory disease of airways
2)caused by incr responsiveness of tracheabronchial tree to various stimuli (allergens, etc)
3)results in constriction of bronchial airways from immune cells

Front 36

Asthma (symptoms) (4)

Back 36

1)dyspnea + wheezing
2)cough
3)chest tightness/pressure
4)cyanotic during attach

Front 37

Asthma trigger = airway inflammation then.... (3)

Back 37

1)mucus production, airway tightening, swollen bronchial membranes
2)these all=narrow breathing passages
3)this leads to wheeze, cough, SOB

Front 38

COPD (disease characteristics not symptoms) (3)

Back 38

1)decr ability of lungs to perform their fxn of ventilation
2)compsed of asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
3)increased mucus by tracheobronchial tree

Front 39

COPD
a)symptoms (4)
b)diagnosis made by...

Back 39

a1)BLUE BLOATER
a2)chronic productive cough w/ sputum (white frothy)
a3)SOB, DOE, PND
a4)edema

Secretion of mucus and productive cough for 3months or more in atleast 2 consecutive years

Front 40

Emphysema people look like...

Back 40

PINK PUFFER

Front 41

Pneumonia (disease characteristics) (2)

Back 41

1)inflammation of bronchioles and alveolar apsce due to virus/bacteria/fungus
2)causes lung consolidation

Front 42

Pneumonia symptoms (3)

Back 42

1)pain in chest
2)cough w/ bloody sputum
3)high fever

Front 43

Allergies in kids can be easily seen by.... (2)

Back 43

1)allergic salute
2)allergic "shiners"

Front 44

Nose
a)redness
b)decr color

Back 44

a)infexn
b)allergies

Front 45

How to tell if nasal polyp or booger?

Back 45

have blow nose and if it is NOT removed it is a polyp

Front 46

How to know if Sinusitis is bacterial or viral/allergic (2)

Back 46

1)if symptoms/runny nose last longer than 7days = bacterial infexn
2)and if the color goes from clear to greenish-yellow
2)viral/allergic is the usual cause thou

Front 47

Difference b/w strep and VIRAL RHINITIS and symptoms (2)

Back 47

1)if pt has scratchy/sore throat that gets better as day goes on it is VIRAL
2)reddened swollen mucosa, watery discharge

Front 48

Epistaxis
a)most are...
b)causes...
c)treating

Back 48

a)most nosebleeds are anterior
b)primary-picking; secondary-dry air
c)lean forward w/ pressure on nose and most stop spontaneously within 5min w/o pressure

Front 49

Nasal Septum Perforation causes (3 of many and which is the most common cause)

Back 49

1)COCAINE ABUSE
2)chronic use of nasal steroids
3)nasal trauma

Front 50

Nasal Hematoma? (3)

Back 50

1)can cause hole b/w nostrils
2)big mass in nose due to trauma to nose
3)needs to be drained

Front 51

Why remove tonsils?

Back 51

b/c crypts can form here

Front 52

Enlarged tonsil scale (4)

Back 52

1+)visible
2+)halfway b/w tonsillar pillars and uvula
3+)nearly touching the uvula
4+)touching each other

Front 53

Oval round ulcers on mucosa of mouth=....

Back 53

apthous ulcers

Front 54

Throat hurts w/ uvula pushed over and a huge tonsil on the side of the sore throat=....

Back 54

Perisontilar abcess (one side normal and the other side huge)

Front 55

White patches on tongue that hurt when you rub them off and leave a RED base....

Back 55

thrush

Front 56

Strep throat cc's are... (5)

Back 56

1)sore throat
2)fever
3)HA
4)malaise
5)not going to have as much of a runny nose, cough, congestion

Front 57

Hard protruding structure in mouth on the hard palate=...

Back 57

Trous Palantinus; nothing to worry about

Front 58

Fluid in the middle ear will cause the tympanic membrance to be....

Back 58

bulging TM

Front 59

What part of the ear is responsible for equalizing pressure in the middle ear...

Back 59

Eustachian tube

Front 60

What structues are located in middle of ear

Back 60

ossicles and air

Front 61

#1 cc's of otitis externa... (5)

Back 61

1)pain
2)itching
3)drainage
4)FOUL SMELLING
5)pus = decr hearing

Front 62

Child has 102 fever, bright red tongue with white coating, and fine rash on back....

Back 62

strep throat

Front 63

Triad of strep pharyngitis (3 and 1 other in kids)

Back 63

1)fever
2)exudates (puss on tonsils)
3)anterior cervial lymphadenopathy (big lymph nodes)

1)ab pain can be seen in kids

Front 64

Mono is big concern is....

Back 64

1)SPLENOMEGALY

Front 65

Ossicles are... (3)

Back 65

1)incus
2)malleus
3)stapes

Front 66

Normal color of TM is...

Back 66

pearly gray

Front 67

Otitis Externa is caused by....

Back 67

1)Pseudomonas from water exposure (swimmer's ear)

Front 68

OM
a)symptoms of TM in OM(3)
b)most common causes (2)

Back 68

a1)hyperemic/red TM
a2)opaque TM
a3)immobile/bulging TM (w/o bulge = no OM)

b)virus (50%)
b)streptococcus pneumoniae

Front 69

Why do babies get more OM?

Back 69

horizontal eustachiam tubes

Front 70

Serous otitis media symptoms (4)

Back 70

1)fullness of ear
2)popping of ear
3)cracking of ear
4)recent cold

Front 71

Systemic symptoms of OM? (3)

Back 71

1)dizziness
2)n/v
3)have/recent cold

Front 72

Risk factors for kids getting ear infections/OM (4)

Back 72

1)smoking
2)horizontal eustachian tubes
3)daycare
4)drinking bottle laying down