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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The sum of fluids within all body compartments constitutes the ___________.
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Total Body Water (TBW)
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What is the normal percentage of body weight made up by water for a normal adult male?
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60%
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How much does one liter of water weigh?
Pounds Kilograms |
2.2 lbs
1 kg |
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One milliliter of water equals ______ of a liter.
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1/1000
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Name the three compartments that water is distributed among in the body.
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1. Intracellular Fluid
2. Extracellular Fluid 3. ? |
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How much of the TBW is in the intracellular fluid compartment?
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2/3
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How much of the TBW is in the extracellular fluid compartment?
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1/3
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What are the two main ECF compartments?
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1. Interstitial Fluid
2. Intravasucular fluid |
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What is interstitial fluid?
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The space between the cells and the outside of the blood vessels.
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What is intravascular fluid?
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Blood Plasma
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How much of Extracellular Fluid does interstitial fluid contain?
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3/4 of fluid is between the cells
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How much of the ECF does the intravascular fluid contain?
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1/4 of fluid is in the vessels
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The percentage of TBW varies with the amount of _________ and ________.
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The % of total body water varies with the amount of FAT and AGE.
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Why is very little water contained in adipose (fat) cells?
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Because fat is water repelling (hydrophobic).
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Individuals with more body fat have proportionately less TBW and tend to be more susceptible to______________.
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Dehydration
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The primary sources where our bodies obtain water from are___1___,___2___, and ___3____.
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1. Drinking
2. Ingestion of water in food 3. Water derived from oxidative metabolism |
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The largest amounts of water are lost through _______.
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Renal Excretion (Urine)
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Sensible Fluid Loss
What is it? What are examples of it? |
Fluid loss that we can see
1. Urine 2. Stool 3. Wounds 4. Sweat |
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Where does most sensible fluid loss come from?
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Renal Excretion (Urine)
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What is the normal daily input and output of water in milliliters through urine?
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1400-1800 ml
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Including all 3 of the primary ways in which our bodies obtain water how much is the normal daily water gain and loss in milliliters?
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2400-3200 ml
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At birth TBW represents ___% of body weight.
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75%-80%
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Why are infants more susceptibel to significant changes in TBW?
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They have a highter metabolic rate and a greater body surface area.
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Why does TBW in the elderly decline?
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1. Increase in fat and decrease in muscle.
2. Reduced ability to regulate Sodium and water balance. 3. Kidneys are less efficient in making concentrated urine. |
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Water moves between the ICF and the ECF compartments primarily as a function of ______________.
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Osmotic Forces
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What is responsible for the ECF osmotic balance?
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Sodium
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What is responsible for the ICF osmotic balance?
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Potassium
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The movement of fluid back and forth across the capillary wall is called___________.
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Net Filtration
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What is Starling's Hypothesis?
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Net Flitration=Force Favoring Filtration-Forces Opposing Filtration
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___________ is the movement of water out of the capillary and into the interstitial space.
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Filtration
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Forces favoring filtration include___1___ and___2___.
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1. capillary hydrostatic pressure
2. interstitial oncotic pressure |
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Forces opposing filtration are___1___and ___2___.
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1. plasma oncotic pressure
2. interstitial hydrostatic pressure |
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The accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces is called ________.
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Edema
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