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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adhesions
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a band of fibrous scar tissue forming an abornomal connection between two surfaces or structures.
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Amenorrhea
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the absence of menstrual periods
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Androgens
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steriod hormone that enhances male characteristics. ie. testosterone
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Anemia
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a decrease in circulation hemoglobin and oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood because of :
1. decreased erythrocyte production 2. decreased hemoglobin production 3. excessive hemolysis or 4. loss of blood |
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Anomalies
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an abnormal structure, often congenital.
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arrhythmias
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loss of normal heart rate and rhythm; dysrhythmia
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Body Mass Index (BMI)
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The amount of energy (measured by oxygen requirements) to maintain essential function in the body at rest
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Caries
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Destruction of the tooth surface, a cavity or erosion in the enamel surface of a tooth
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effusion
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the accumulation of fluid leaking from a blood vessel into a cavity or potential space
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emaciated
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looking thin and wasted. When someone is anorexic.
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epiphyseal plate
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the thick line indicates that growth is still occuring or a thin plate shows grows retardation. Located at the metaphysis of the long bone.
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esophagitis
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Condition found with bulimics.
Swollen and difficulty swallowing. |
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glucose metabolism
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the way the body metabolizes sugar
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gonadotropins
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released from the Pituatary gland. Stimulates the ovaries and testes
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gonads
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ovaries and testes
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insulin resistance
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The diminished ability of cells to respond to the action of insulin in transporting glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into muscle and other tissues. Insulin resistance typically develops with obesity and heralds the onset of type 2 diabetes
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lipoprotein metabolism
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fat cells are metabolized
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menarche
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1st Mensus
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metabolic syndrome
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syndrome associated with obesity including hypertention, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
The cause of this is the release of insulin antagonists by adipose tissue. |
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metaphysis
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the area between the end and central shaft of a long bone (femur or tibia in leg)
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monosomy
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A single X chromosome.
Called Turner's syndrome. affects sexual development in females. |
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osteoporosis
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disease in adult. Bone demineralization
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periosteum
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Protective outer layer covering the bone
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puberty
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the onset of reproductive changes, beginning with the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics
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pustule
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raised red mass containing purulent exudate. a pimple
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sebaceous
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oil glands and hair follicles on the face, nectk and upper trunk. At puberty these glands are increase in activity resulting in plugged pores and infection
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sebum
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the oily glandular secretion
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sinus
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passage through...tunnel
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type 2 diabetes
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noninsulin-dependent,is a chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar (glucose),your body either resists the effects of insulin — a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells — or doesn't produce enough insulin to maintain a normal glucose level.
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Klinefelter's syndrome
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affects males
An additional X chromosome is present mental retardation Small testes, no sperm secondary male sex characteristics do not develop |
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What is responsible for musculoskelteal changes and sexual maturation?
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Increase secretion of gonadotropins and sex hormones
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Obesity is most often accomanied by changes in what?
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Lipoprotein metabolisim and glucose metabolism.
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Obestity can lead to what disease?
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Metabolic syndrome
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What can Metabolic syndrome lead to?
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Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Complications can occur at and early age and limit life expectancy.
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What is lordosis?
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An increased concavity of the lumbar spine
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What is Kyphosis?
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An increased convexity of the thoracic spine.
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What is scoliosis?
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A lateral curvature of the spine affecting either the thoracic or lumbar area or both. May be accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae. Affects alignment of hips, shoulders and ribs. Requires prompt treatment.
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What is Osteomyelitis?
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A serious infection of the bones that may complicate Minior injuries.
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What damage can osteomyelitis cause?
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Damage to the periosteum or join, affecting growth.
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What is the difference between Adult rheumatoid arthritis and Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis?
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JDA - affect large joints
Manifests more systemic effects most individuals recover fully |
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What is Anorexia nervosa?
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When a person refuses to eat. A psychological component is present.
Complications are common |
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What is Bulimia nervosa?
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When a person binge eats then vomits/purges. Maybe combined with anorexia or be on it's own. Psychological component present. Complications are common.
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An infection of the hair follicles on face and neck and may result in scaring is?
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Acne vulgaris
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A communical infectious disease caused by Eptein-Barr Virus?
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Mononucleosis
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What is a predisposing factor in testicular cancer?
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maldescent of the testes
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What are 5 changes that occur in females that indicate sexual maturation?
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1. secondary sexual characteristics
2. Menstrual period 3. sebaceous glands/pubic hair 4. growth accelerates 5.Hips widen |
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What is structual scoliosis and what causes it?
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Structual scoliosis is a primary spinal deformity, 80% are idiopathic (females more affected then males), although it may be genetic. Congenital scoliosis results from developmental defects such as hemivertebrae (half a spine). 60% congenital are in girls and will also have additional congenital defects.
Degenerative scoliosis - develops in older individuals with osteoporosis or osteoarthritis. |
