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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chlamydia a is like a bacteria, but...
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it lacks certain enzymes.
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What are the two differnt kinds of chlamydia?
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Elementry Body - infectious
Reticulate Body - not infectious, but can become infectious |
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Rickettsiae is gram positive or negative?
What is Obligate intracellular parasite? |
negative.
It is where they cannot live on their won. |
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How aer Obligate intracellular parasite transmitted?
What is a fever that is caused by Rickettsaie? |
Bites, ticks, etc.
Tyfus fever. |
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What is the smallest microbe found until today?
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Mycoplasma
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Why aren't antibiotics not workign on microplasma?
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Antibiotics work on cell wall. Microplasma's don't have cell walls.
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What is a common illness that mycoplasma cause?
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Pneumonia
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What are some basic information on bacteria?
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- Unicellular
- Do not require a host - Gram-positive and gram-negative - Secrete toxins (exotoxin; secrete outside of membrane. endotoxin; secrete toxins inside membrane) - Enzymes - hemolysin (bursts RBC) |
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What are the different type's of bacteria?
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Bacilli – rod shaped
Cocci – clusters, chains, pairs Spiral - wormlike, long. |
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What are some ways bacterial infections are treated?
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Penicillin - attack cell wall
Sulfonamides - metabolic interference. Prevents enzymes from working. Tetracycline - interferes with protein synthesis and DNA Polymyxin - damages cell membrane, not wall. |
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What are the two ways that cells multiply?
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Binary fission – one cell -> two, etc. pinches off.
Spores – thick cover on top; resistant to temp changes, can live dormant for a while. |
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What are the differnt parts of a virus?
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Glycoprotein
Envelope Capsomer Nucleic Acid Core Protein |
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How does a virus work?
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First it has to attach to the cell and bind.
Then it has to release its contents (RNA) by uncoating. Takes over the host DNA and uses the cell machinary to multiply itself. |
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Microorganisms are special because they...
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share similarities between viruses and bacteria.
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What is the process of chlymedia?
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Elementary body cell goes in the host cell. From there, the EB form a coat and divides. You get pairs of RB and EB. After 3-4 days it then breaks out of the cell on to invade other cells.
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What are microplasmas?
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Small free lving orgamisms with no cell wall. They act like parasites and uses host cell.
They just live on the surface on the host cell. They neither bacteria nor virus. |
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What are Fungi?
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They are single or multi cellular Eukaryotic cells.
Some are pathogens some are not, just opportunistic; they get in when your body is fighting off something else. |
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What are some examples of Fungal infection?
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athelete’s foot & candida
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What is Candida albicans?
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A fungal infection with extensions. They spread out and use enzymes to break down material and then absorb. This explains the horrible smell.
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What are Protozoa?
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They are eukaryotic unicellular cell that lacks cell wall. They can be Ameoba (sp), Trich, Malaria, Helminths (tape worm, ring worm)
They are NOT microorganism. |
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What are modes of transmission for pathogens?
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- Direct
Touching bacteria or sex Syphilis - Indirect Touching some object with infections on it. - Droplet Inhaled - Vector-borne Bite by an animal |
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What are the onset and course for pathogens?
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Incubation period – organisms reproduce
Prodromal period – Infected person feels “something is wrong” Acute period – Infection develops fully |
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What are some tests they can do to find out what kind of infection a person might have?
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Blood sample or fecal sample.
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In blood tests, what do you look for?
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bacterial infection --> leukocytosis – increase in WBC
viral infection – leukopenia – decrease in WBC |
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What does differential count tell you?
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High or low WBC. Over 10,000 you have infection.
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With high levels of eosinophils you have...
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Parasitic
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With high levels of Neutorphils you have...
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Bacterial
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With high levels of lymphocytes you have...
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Viral
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