Pathophysiology Chapter 3 From Practice Test

Front 1

Muscular atrophy involves a decrease in muscle cell:

Back 1

size

Front 2

During Childhood, the thymus decreases in size referred to as:

Back 2

physiologic atrophy

Front 3

In response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will:

Back 3

increase in size

Front 4

A 55 year old male with a 30 year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway(bronchial reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. The type of cullular adaptation is called:

Back 4

Metaplaisa

Front 5

The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily as a consequence of:

Back 5

hormonal hyperplasia

Front 6

A 24-year old female presents with excessive menstrual bleeding. Laboratory results reveal an imbalance of progesterone and estrogen, with estrogen secretion being elevated. This imbalabce would most likely cause endometrial changes refered to as:

Back 6

Pathologic hyperplasia

Front 7

A 55 year old male is diagnosed with hepatocellular cancer secondary to hepatitis C . If the cancerous region of the liver were removed, the remaining cells would undergo:

Back 7

compensatory hyperplaisia

Front 8

A 40 year old female is undergoing treatment for cervical cancer. Which of the following cellular changes is the most likely to be associated with her cancer:

Back 8

Dysplasia

Front 9

A 75 year old male presents with chest pain with exertion he was previously diagnosed with arteriosclerosis. The chest pain is most likely due to hypoxic injury secondary to:

Back 9

ischemia

Front 10

Progressive cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and breakdowns of organelles is refered to as

Back 10

necrosis

Front 11

Cellular injury can be caused by:

Back 11

lead, carbon monoxide, and ethanol

Front 12

Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of:

Back 12

decreased ATP production

Front 13

The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic recticulum results in:

Back 13

Reduced protein synthesis

Front 14

A 52 year old male suffered a myocardial infraction secondary to astherosclerosis and ischemia. Once oxygen returned to the damaged heart, reperfusion injury occured as a result of :

Back 14

free radical formation

Front 15

A 75 year old female with alzheimers disease has increased lipid peroxidation secondary to free radical production. Lipid peroxidation results in:

Back 15

cell membrane damage

Front 16

A family presents to their physician complaining of headache, nausea, weakness, and vomittin. Which of the folowing would be the most likely explanation for these symptom?

Back 16

carbon monoxide poisoning

Front 17

Fatty liver, as a result of carbon tetechloride(CCL4) poisoning, is related to:

Back 17

decreaded apopoteins

Front 18

A common pathway of irreversible cell injury involves increased intracellular:

Back 18

Calcium

Front 19

A 50-year-old male sustained a closed head injury as a result of a moto vehicle accident. CT scan revealed a collection of blood between the inner surface of the dura mater and the surface of the brain. Which of the following describes the injury?

Back 19

Subdural hematoma

Front 20

A 20 year old male present to the ER with jagged sharp-force injury that is no longer than it is deep. Which of the following best describes this injury?

Back 20

Incised wound

Front 21

A 30-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising. X-ray reveals fracture of hyoid bone and tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her injuries?

Back 21

manual stragulation

Front 22

A 15-year-old female presents to the ER Following a physical assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising X-ray reveals fracture of hyoid bone and tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her injuries?

Back 22

Manual Strangulation

Front 23

A 55-year-old male has swelling of the feet secondary to hypoxia. Which of he following aided in development of swelling?

Back 23

Na+ movement into the cell

Front 24

A 60-year-old male alcoholic is sufferinf from cirrhosis and liver failure. Liver biopsy revealed a yellowish, greenish fatty liver. Which of the following could have contributed to this condition?

Back 24

Increased conversion of fatty acids to triglycerides

Front 25

A 35-year-old femaile is diagnosed with multiple myeloma.Biopsy of the tumor reveals Russell Bodies, and laboratoyu testing reveals kidney dysfunction. Accumulation of which of the following is associated with these symptoms?

Back 25

Protein

Front 26

A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on a skin, eye, and hair appearance. which of the following is associated with these features?

Back 26

Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA

Front 27

A 23-year-old male develops a "black" eye following a fight. This bruising is due to an accumulation of:

Back 27

hemosiderin

Front 28

Which of the following is an effect of excess circulating Ca2+?

Back 28

Activation proteases

Front 29

Liquefactive necrosis occurs in the brain because:

Back 29

it is rich in hydrolytic enzymes and lipids

Front 30

A woman decided to poison her middle-agede husband with mercuric chloride. Following ingestion of the poison, his kidney function was impaired and his heart began to fail. Which of the following was the most likely cause?

Back 30

Coagulative necrosis

Front 31

A group of prison inmates developed tuberculosis following exposure to an infected inmate. On examination, tissues were soft and granular like clumped cheese. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Back 31

Caseous necrosis

Front 32

A 50-year-old female became infected with Clostridum bacteria and dies a week later. Examination of her red blood cells revealed lysis of membranes and cause of death was ruled as shock.Which of the following was the most likely cause of her death?

Back 32

Gas gangrene

Front 33

Apoptosis is a condition in which cells program themselves to:

Back 33

Die

Front 34

At 50-year-old male IV drug user is diagnosed with hepatitis C. Examination of the liver reveals cell death secondary to:

Back 34

Pathologic apoptosis

Front 35

In distinguishing aging from diseases:

Back 35

It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result from cell injury

Front 36

The theory of aging proposing that aging is the result of DNA damage, inefficiency of repair , of loss of the integrity of DNA synthesis is referred to as the:

Back 36

somatic mutation hypothesis

Front 37

Muscle stiffening occurring within 6 to14 hours after death is called:

Back 37

rigor mortis