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35 Cards in this Set

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  • Back

A cell is isolated for microscopy. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed?

Nucleus
An isolated cell is observed to absorb oxygen and use it to transform nutrients to energy. Which of the following cellular functions is it displaying?
Respiration

A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which the region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained?

Nucleolus

The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. According to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer

Integral membrane proteins
Plasma membrane receptors are available to bind to:
Ligands

A patient with metastatic cancer would be expected to have alterations in extracellular matrix that include:

Decreaded fibronectin

Which Form of cell communication is used to communicate with other cells in direct physical contact?

Cell junction

Pancreatic Beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagons from neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types?

Paracrine
In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
Substrate

An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feels fitigued and unable to contract. A deficiency in which of the following would cause impaired muscle contraction?

ATP

The phase of catabolism during which ATP production is highest is:

Citric acid cycle

The three phases of cellular catabolism are:

digestion, glycolysis and oxidation, and the citric acid cycle
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for music energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Anaerobic glycolysis

The movement of smal, electrically uncharged molecules through a semipermeable barier is an example of:

diffusion
Electrolytes are:
electrically charged molecules

which of the following is true regarding the predominant extracellular cation?

Is sodium

Oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:

plasma proteins

A tissue capillary bed has a hydrostatic pressure of 25mmHg and an oncotic pressure of 10 mmH. The filtration pressue is__________ mmHg.

15
A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm\kg. This measure is termed:
osmolality

In cirrhosis, how does cholesterol alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane of erythrocytes?

Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen

The movement of fluid across the arterial end of capillary membranes into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary is an example of which process of fluid movement?

Hydrostatic pressure

A patient who has diarrhea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?

Cells will shrink

How is the transport of glucose from the blood to the cell accomplished?

By passice-mediated transport (facilitated diffusion)

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

by adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)

At rest, the membrane potential is nearly the equilibrium potential for potassiu. Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells?

Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium

The ion transporter that moves Na+ and Ca2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport?

Symport

The process during which lysosomal enzymes can be released to degrade engulfed particles is referred to as

phagocytosis

The cellular uptke of cholesterol depends on:

receptor-mediated endocytosis

The phase during the cell cycle where nuclear and cytoplasmic division occurs is called:

M

What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?

Sodium gates open and sodium rushes into the cell changing the membrane potential from negative to positive

A cell is isolated and electrophysiology studies reveal that the resting membrane potential is -70 millivolts. The predominatn intracellular ion is Na+ and the predominant extracellular ion is K+ With voltage change, which of the following would result in an action potential?

K+ rushing into the cell

Platlet-deprived growth factor stimulates the production of:

connective tissue cells

The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is reffered to as:

Anaphase

What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?

Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development

A biopsy of the lung bronchi revealed ciliated epithelial cells that are capable of secretion and absorption. These cells are called:

ciliated simple columnar epithelium