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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an emobolus?
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It is a detached intravascular mass that has been carried by the blood to a site other than where it was formed.
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Where do most emboli originate from?
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They originate from thrombi(thrombotic emboli) but they can also originate from material other than thrombi(non-thrombotic).
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What are some non thrombotic emboli?
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Fat emboli, air emboli, and amniotic fluid emboli.
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What causes a fat emboli?
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These result from severe trauma, and fractures of long bones, and will stain positively with an oil red O stain or Sudan black stain. They can be fatal as they may damage endothelial cells and pneumocytes within the lungs.
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When are air emboli seen.
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They are seen in decompression sickness, called caisson disease or the bends. Amniotic fluid emboli are rlated to the rupture of uterine venous sinuses as a complication of childbirth.
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What can amniotic emboli lead to?
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These can occasionally be fatal, because they can lead to DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, which is marked by the combination of intravascular coagulation and hemorrhages.
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What specifically does DIC result from?
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From the high thromboplastin activity of amniotic fluid.
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Most thrombi are formed in the deep veins of the lower extremities. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE. These may embolize to the lungs and form thrombotic pulmonary emboli(venous emboli).
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The majority of small emboli do no harm. T/F
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TRUE. But if they are large enough, they may occlude the bifurcation of the pulmonary arteries(saddle thrombus) causing sudden death.
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Where do most arterial thrombi originate from?
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From within the heart on abnormal valves, (vegetations) or mural thrombi following myocardial infarctions.
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Can a patent foramen ovale pose a problem regarding an embolus?
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Yes. If these exist, a venous embolus may cross over through the heart to the arterial circulation, producing an arterial(paradoxical) embolus.
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