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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Macrotrauma
Acute vascular-inflammatory response stage |
Lasts 3 to 5 days
Sets the stage for repair Activates the coagulation cascade Removes damaged tissue Recruits cells for repair Provides initial wound strength |
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Macrotrauma
Repair-regeneration stage |
Begins at 48 hours
May last up to 8 weeks Fibroblast activation Type III collagen production |
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Macrotrauma
The remodeling maturation phase |
Lasts from weeks to months
Type III collagen is converted to Type I collagen Increased cross-linking and organization |
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Microtrauma
Histopathology |
Chronic inflammation
Cell matrix degeneration Collagen disorganization Absence of polymorphonuclear cells Tendinosis Chronic microtraumatic intratendinous degeneration |
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Microtrauma
Clinical profile |
Chronic injury presents with pain well after the injury process has begun
Subclinical injury and dysfunction precede the moment of conscious injury |
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Apophysitis
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Overuse Injury
seen in growing bone e.g. Osgood-Schlatter’s disease of the anterior tibial tubercle, or Sever’s disease of the calcaneal apophysis. |
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Tendonitis/partial rupture-
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symptomatic degeneration with vascular disruption and inflammatory repair. Inflammation is a major characteristic, superimposed on acute or chronic injury. Symptoms are of classic inflammation.
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Stress fracture-
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most common in lower extremity e.g. metatarsal.
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Tendon: the most common injury form
T/F |
T
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Tendonitis-
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intratendinous degeneration owing to repetitive microtrauma, noninflammitory intratendinous, collagen degeneration. Presents as a palpable nodule with no tendon or sheath swelling e.g. Achilles
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overuse injury in the mm
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may present as a myositis, or as a chronic exertional compartment syndrome.
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overuse injury in the Ligament
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“strain” resulting in tissue degeneration from chronic microtrauma e.g. plantar fasciitis and breaststroker’s knee (MCL).
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overuse injury in the Joints
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may present as synovitis with generalized swelling, or focal irritation e.g. synovial plica of the knee.
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Overuse Injury in the Bursae
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Generally secondary to an overlying tendonitis e.g. subacromial bursitis secondary to supraspinatus tendonitis.
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Overuse Injury in the NN
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overuse compression neuropathies
e.g. carpal tunnel syndrome |
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Intrinsic Factors
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Anatomical malalignments
Growth Muscle-Tendon imbalance Underlying disease states Deconditioning Instability |
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Extrinsic Factors
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Training Errors
Environmental factors Equipment factors Technique |
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Subcellular Aspects of Overtraining
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Elevated resting creatine kinase activity
Elevated resting cortisol levels Decreased muscle glycogen Decreased muscle testosterone Increase in tissue catabolism |
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‘p’ factor =
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= potassium, phosphoric acid, histamine
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