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9 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
V cholera.

describe symptoms.
appearance of microog?
transmission route?
mechanism?
gram negative comma like rod
- traveler's diarrhea
- watery diarrhea
- clear w/ mucous flecks
- curved motile rod
- fecal-oral route
- increases cAMP in mucosa causing Cl secretion and less Na reab, so loss of fluid/electrolyts
- RICE WATER STOOLS
- FEVER, ABDOMIN PAIN RARE b/c not invasive
- LOSS OF POTASSIUM, SODIUM, CL, BICARB causing RENAL FAILURE, MET ACIDOSIS, U waves on ekg
- oral rehydration, antibiotics not so helpful in reducing diarrhea
S aureus.

describe symptoms.
appearance of microog?
transmission route?
mechanism?
-potato salad, custards
- abdomin pain, vomitting (food poisoning)
- Alpha toxin, intercalates cells making pores, so leaky cell membranes
ETEC
type of diarrhea?
sources?
site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs?
toxins?
-Enterotoxigenic E. coli
-traveler's diarrhea, or for young kids under 5 in developing countries
- watery diarrhea
- small intestine
heat labile (LT) and heat stable toxins
- LT stimulates adenylate cyclase via ADP ribosylation of GTP binding protein, this causes Cl and water outflow
-heat stable ST toxin stimulats guanylate cyclase
- both toxins promote ecretion of fluid and electrolytes
EIEC
type of diarrhea?
sources?
site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs?
toxins?
-Enteroinvasive E. coli
- rare in west, can occur in developing in all ages
- bloody diarrhea, mucus, fever ('dysentery')
- more large intestine than small intestine
- shigella like enterotoxin
- self limiting
- watery diarrhea
-excess wbcs
-fever, abdomin pain
-only 10% progress to dysentery
EHEC
type of diarrhea?
sources?
site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs?
toxins?
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli
- bovine feces so undercooked hamburgers, petting zoos, uncleaned fruit sometimes
- kids and old ppl in west, rare in developing
- hemorrhagic colitis, HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME
- large intestine
- shigalike toxin 1 and 2: nick 60s ribosome preventing protein synthesis
- differs from shigellosis b/c NO FEVER (not invasive)
-DON'T SEE EXCESS WBCS (like EIEC)
-antibiotics can increase risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome so careful
EPEC
type of diarrhea?
sources?
site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs?
toxins?
-Enteropathogenic E coli.
- rare in west, in young kids <2yrs old developing countries
- in weaning foods, water
- watery diarrhea in infants, toddlers
-SECOND MOST COMMON CAUSE OF INFANT DIARRHEA after rotavirus
- have virulence genes called E. Cli adherence factor (EAF)
- allows it to attach to M cells, rearrange actin, efface brush border microvilli
-
EAEC
type of diarrhea?
sources?
site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs?
toxins?
- Enteroaggregative E coli
- PERSISTENT DIARRHEA
- low grade fever
- vomit
- in west
- fimbriae make stacked brick like biofilm
also makes EAST1 enterotoxin (Enteroaggregate heat stable enterotoxin)
which microbes are comorbid w/ HIV?
cryptosporidium, isospora, microsporidia

all parasites
If using antacids, what microbe can flourish?
salmonella
- milk, beef, eggs, chicken
- fever, abdomen pain
-diarrhea or dysentery
-bacteremia
- SICKLE CELL DISEASE (not trait) predisposes to osteomyelitis w/ salmonella being most common cause