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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
V cholera.
describe symptoms. appearance of microog? transmission route? mechanism? |
gram negative comma like rod
- traveler's diarrhea - watery diarrhea - clear w/ mucous flecks - curved motile rod - fecal-oral route - increases cAMP in mucosa causing Cl secretion and less Na reab, so loss of fluid/electrolyts - RICE WATER STOOLS - FEVER, ABDOMIN PAIN RARE b/c not invasive - LOSS OF POTASSIUM, SODIUM, CL, BICARB causing RENAL FAILURE, MET ACIDOSIS, U waves on ekg - oral rehydration, antibiotics not so helpful in reducing diarrhea |
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S aureus.
describe symptoms. appearance of microog? transmission route? mechanism? |
-potato salad, custards
- abdomin pain, vomitting (food poisoning) - Alpha toxin, intercalates cells making pores, so leaky cell membranes |
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ETEC
type of diarrhea? sources? site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs? toxins? |
-Enterotoxigenic E. coli
-traveler's diarrhea, or for young kids under 5 in developing countries - watery diarrhea - small intestine heat labile (LT) and heat stable toxins - LT stimulates adenylate cyclase via ADP ribosylation of GTP binding protein, this causes Cl and water outflow -heat stable ST toxin stimulats guanylate cyclase - both toxins promote ecretion of fluid and electrolytes |
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EIEC
type of diarrhea? sources? site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs? toxins? |
-Enteroinvasive E. coli
- rare in west, can occur in developing in all ages - bloody diarrhea, mucus, fever ('dysentery') - more large intestine than small intestine - shigella like enterotoxin - self limiting - watery diarrhea -excess wbcs -fever, abdomin pain -only 10% progress to dysentery |
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EHEC
type of diarrhea? sources? site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs? toxins? |
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli
- bovine feces so undercooked hamburgers, petting zoos, uncleaned fruit sometimes - kids and old ppl in west, rare in developing - hemorrhagic colitis, HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME - large intestine - shigalike toxin 1 and 2: nick 60s ribosome preventing protein synthesis - differs from shigellosis b/c NO FEVER (not invasive) -DON'T SEE EXCESS WBCS (like EIEC) -antibiotics can increase risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome so careful |
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EPEC
type of diarrhea? sources? site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs? toxins? |
-Enteropathogenic E coli.
- rare in west, in young kids <2yrs old developing countries - in weaning foods, water - watery diarrhea in infants, toddlers -SECOND MOST COMMON CAUSE OF INFANT DIARRHEA after rotavirus - have virulence genes called E. Cli adherence factor (EAF) - allows it to attach to M cells, rearrange actin, efface brush border microvilli - |
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EAEC
type of diarrhea? sources? site in intestine where pathogenesis occurs? toxins? |
- Enteroaggregative E coli
- PERSISTENT DIARRHEA - low grade fever - vomit - in west - fimbriae make stacked brick like biofilm also makes EAST1 enterotoxin (Enteroaggregate heat stable enterotoxin) |
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which microbes are comorbid w/ HIV?
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cryptosporidium, isospora, microsporidia
all parasites |
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If using antacids, what microbe can flourish?
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salmonella
- milk, beef, eggs, chicken - fever, abdomen pain -diarrhea or dysentery -bacteremia - SICKLE CELL DISEASE (not trait) predisposes to osteomyelitis w/ salmonella being most common cause |