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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F
innate immunity is specific |
F- present at birth non specific
acquired immunity is specific (humoral and cell mediated) |
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List the types of acquired immunity
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active- immunization, direct exposure, long lasting
passive- mother to baby, antiserum, short term |
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what is not true about your immune system
a) cellular components b) molecular components c) non regulated d) all are true |
immune response is regulated
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Why is it that the second contact with a foreign agent yields a response that is faster and stronger that the 1st contact
a) recognizes self vs non self b) memorizes the intruder c) regulated immune response d) none |
memorize the intruder
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list the central lymph organs
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thymus
marrow |
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list the peripheral lymph organs
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SP
Lymph Syst (vssl, nodes, fluid, tonsils, appendix) |
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T/F
the humoral response releases WBCs to fight a foreign agent |
F
WBCs = cellular response Humoral = no cells produced, instead uses chemical substances/protein molecules |
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T/F
Antibodies are molecules part of the humoral response |
True
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T/F
Antibody is foreign to the host and is able to stimulate immune response |
F
Antigen is foreign to the host and is able to stimulate immune response |
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list specific types of antigens
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hapten- not immunologic by itself- must be bound to large carrier molecule
epitope- specific portion of Antigen (Ab binding site) determines specificity of the rxn |
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list the types of immune cells
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WBCs
B, T lymphocytes monocytes macrophages natural killer cells Cytotoxic T cells/CD8 Helper T cells/CD4 |
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Which is the most predominant immune cell
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T Lymphocyte
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This immune cells is responsible for humoral immunity
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B lymphocytes
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_____ is the master switch for the immune system
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Helper T cell/CD4
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promontory
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headland, a point of high land that juts out into a large body of water; a headland : a rocky promontory.
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These immune cells control viruses and intracellular bacteria
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Cytotoxic T cells / CD8
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T/F
your body usually respond with either humoral or cell mediated immune response |
F
usually responds with both |
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list the components of Antibodies (Ab)
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2 heavy polypeptide chains
2 lite chains bout tgther by disulfur bond |
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T/F
The variable region of the Ab forms the binding site for the Antigen (Ag) is known as Fc |
F
variable region, antigen binding site = Fab (each Ab has 2 binding sites/Fab's) |
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T/F
every Fc has 2 binding sites |
F
every Fab has 2 binding sites |
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___ is the constant region of the antibody that defines the immunoglobulin classification
a) Fab b) Fc d) MHC I e) MHC II |
Fc
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T/F
Antibodies (Ab) are important for humoral immunity |
True
(cell mediated immunity = T cells) |
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List the types of Ab Immunoglobulin classifications
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IgA- local infxn, mucosal lining, epithelial cells
IgE- Allergies,Fc binds basophil & Mast cell IgG- predominant, crosses placenta, long lasting protection IgM- 1st to appear/respond/made by newborn, acute protection IgD- B cell differentiation, unknown |
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which of the following protects epithelial cells from viruses and bacteria
a) IgA b) IgE c) IgG d) IgM |
IgA- defense against local infections in mucosal lining
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involved in parasitic infections and allergic reactions
a) IgA b) IgE c) IgG d) IgM |
IgE
Fc region binds ti basophil and mast cells |
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Activates the complement system
a) IgA b) IgE c) IgG d) IgM |
IgG - predominant Ab in secondary immune response
crosses placenta long term protection against bacteria, toxin, virus |
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this Ab is present during the recovery stage
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IgG
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T/F
IgM can cross the placenta |
F
IgG |
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Appears during the acute stage of an infections
a) IgA b) IgE c) IgG d) IgM |
IgM
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this is the first Ab that a new born baby produces on their own
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IgM
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Your patient comes to you experiencing nasal congestion, sneezing, and sore throat and red itchy eyes
which Ab is likely to be at higher levels than normal a) IgA b) IgE c) IgG d) IgM |
IgE
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Thymic Selection produces _____
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T lymphocytes
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list the divisions of a lymph node
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outer cortex
paracortex medulla |
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list the functions of lymph node
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removal of foreign material
center for immune cell proliferation (store T,B cells) |
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Which is not a function of the SP
a) store blood b) RBC cemetery c) immune cell differentiation d) immune response |
immune differentiation
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___is the largest lymph node
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SP
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list the components of the SP
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red and white pulp
(RBCs and lymphocytes) |
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list the lymphiod organs
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thymus (central)
lymph nodes (peripheral) spleen (peripheral) |
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T/F
MHC II reacts with antigen receptors on CD8 and T lymphocytes |
F
MHC II- reacts w antigen receptors on CD4 - bc present on APC MHC I- reacts with CD8/T lymphocyte receptors, present on surface of all nucleated cells |
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Which of the following reacts with antigen receptors on CD 4 cells
a) B cells b) MHC I c) Allergins d) MHC II |
MHC II
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present on macrophages and APC
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MHC II
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what is not true about cytokines
a) short half life b) localize infective agents c) hormone like polypeptides d) activate immune cells |
compliment system- causes inflammation and localize infective agents
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which is responsible for modulating immune response
a) Cytokines b) Humoral Immunity c) Compliment system d) WBCs |
Cytokines- activate target immune cells by binding to their receptors
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Which is not an example of innate immunity
a) WBCs b) Skin c) IgG d) IgM |
IgM= 1st antibody made by newborn
innate immunity also includes: skin, B/T cells |
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T/F
Active immunity provides short term protection |
F
long term- but requires time to build up |
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Not true about acquired active immunity
a) long lasting b) immunizations c) direct exposure d) none |
none- all are true
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incorrect statement about acquired passive immunity
a) transferred from mother to baby b) long terms protection c) antiserum injection d) direct exposure |
Long term protection
Direct Exposure both are active acquired |
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which is not a characteristic of humoral immunity
a) Ag-Ab complex b) initiated by APC c) maturation of B cell to plasma d) compliment activation |
initiated by APC display Ag to CD4 = Cell mediated immunity
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list the results of Humoral Immunity
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AgAb complex
agglutination of cells neutralization lysis destruction of pathogens facilitates phagocytosis compliment activation primary & secondary immune responses |
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True statement about Cell Mediated Immunity
a) activate compliment system b) localize infectious agent c) depends on activation of Tcells and macrophages d) all are true |
activation of Tcells and Macrophages -> engulf/kill viruses. initiated by APC displaying antigen to T4
activation of compliment system via humoral immunity compliment system localizes infectious agent and produces inflammation migration of WBCs= inflammation |
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_____ engulf and kill viruses
a) humoral immunity b) cell mediated immunity c) compliment system d) cytokines |
cell mediated immunity via Tcells and macrophages
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list the 4 cardinal signs of acute inflammation
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swelling
warm to touch redness pain |
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produce inflammation and localize infective agents
a) compliment system b) cell mediated immunity c) cytokines d) all |
compliment system
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list the effects of the compliment system
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cytolysis
adhesion of immune cells chemotaxis anaphylaxis opsonization |
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these cells have short half lives except
a) cytokines b) Antibodies c) plasma cells d) all |
All - act as regulatory mechanisms
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this is an important feedback mechanism for regulation of immune cells and acts as a master switch
a) CD4 b) CD8 c) cytokines d) APC |
CD4 ***most important for immune function***
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Which is not a regulatory mechanism
a) tolerance b) Ag elimination c) CD4 d) cytotoxic cells |
all are involved with regulation
also: cytokines Ab plasma cells |
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T/F
Tolerance affects the regulation of an immune response |
True
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define the inflammatory response
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reaction of vascularized tissue to local injury
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recondite
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profound
Her poems are recondite in subject matter. [esoteric] |
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incorrect statement about the vascular response with acute inflammation
a) chemotaxis b) momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation c) release of chemical mediators d) all are true |
chemotaxis = cellular response
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the cardinal signs of acute inflammation are caused by
a) vascular response b) histamine c) prostaglandins d) leukotrienes |
All (b-d are chemical mediators released- also clotting factors are released of bleeding occurs)
histamine - swelling prostaglandins - pain |
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list the forms of inflammatory exudates
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serous
fibrinous membranous purulent hemorrhagic |
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list components of the cellular response for acute inflammation
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margination
emigration of WBCs Chemotaxis phagocytosis all via PMNs and Monocytes |
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list the types of phagocytosis
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chemotaxis
adherence/opsonization engulfment intracellular killing |
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incorrect statement about acute inflammation
a) increase plasma protein b) leukopenia c) increase ESR d) IL1 release |
leukopenia- incorrect
leukocytosis occurs |
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IL1 causes
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fever
increased circulating blast cells |
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T/F
macrophages and lymphocytes are present during chronic inflammation |
True
(acute inflammation: macrophages and neutrophils are present) |
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list chronic inflammatory patterns
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non-specific- scar tissue
granulomatous- foreign bodies |
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what is the difference between non-specific and granulomatous chronic inflammation
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both accumulate macrophages and lymphocytes
non-specific- scar tissue replaces normal tissue granulomatous- associated with foreign bodies |
