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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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____ is the fundamental unit of information stored in the DNA molecule
a) Chromosome b) Gene c) Codon d) Genetic Code |
Gene
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which is not important in the production of genes and protein synthesis
a) mRNA b) tRNA c) rRNA d) a, b only e) All |
All
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T/F
DNA is a double stranded helical structure composed of a phosphate group, ribose sugar, and a base |
F
Deoxyribose is the sugar group (ribose relates to RNA- which is single stranded) |
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Which is not a DNA base
a) Uracil b) Guanine c) Cytosine d) Adenine |
Uracil- RNA base
Thymine = DNA base |
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what determines the genetic code?
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3 consecutive bases
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which is not true
a) there are 60 codons for AAs b) there is 1 codon for starting signal of genetic code c) there is 1 codon for stopping signal of genetic code d) a,c e) a,b |
61 codons for AA
3 codons for stopping |
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T/F
There is one codon per AA |
F
synonym codons- specify the same AA |
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____ translates
____ transcribes |
tRNA- translates mRNA
mRNA- transcribes DNA |
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how many types of AA are there?
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20 types of AA
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___ moves out of the nucleus and is associates with ribosomes
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mRNA- transcribes DNA
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the anticodon is associated with
a) Transcription b) mRNA c) tRNA d) a,c e) a,b |
tRNA (translation)
tRNA has 2 recognition sites- 1 for AA, one for mRNA codon->anticodon |
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T/F all mutations can be inherited
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F- only those on germ cells
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List mutagenic factors
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ionizing radiation
chemicals |
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_____ is the degree to which a gene/group is activated
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Gene Expression
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T/F
in some cases, an individual can control gene expression by either increasing or reducing the expression |
True - via induction/reduction
ex type 2 diabetes |
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list the types of human chromosomes based on centromere location
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metacentric
sub-metacentric acrocentric |
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which is a true statement
a) the centromere of an acrocentric chromosome is at the bottom b) there are 23 pairs of autosomes c) alleles are paired genes on paired chromosomes at different loci d) a,c e) none |
none are true
acrosome- centromere at top 22 autosome 1 pair sex chrom alleles- same gene same loci |
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During mitosis cell division of the mother cell results in 2 daughter cells that have
a) the same number of chromosomes as the mother b) half the number of chromosomes c) 46 chromosomes d) a,c e) none |
same number of chrom - 46
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During meiosis cell division of the mother cell results in 2 daughter cells that have
a) the same number of chromosomes as the mother b) half the number of chromosomes c) 46 chromosomes d) a,c e) none |
half the number - 23
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t/f
meiosis occurs once and is limited to germ cells |
true
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genetic info stored in DNA relates to
a) genetic code b) genotype c) phenotype d) gene expression |
genotype
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recognizable physical and biochemical traits relate to
a) Penetrance b) genotype c) phenotype d) gene expression |
phenotype
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a trait that is inherited from the father is an example of _____
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imprinting =phenotype depends on whether gene was inherited from mother or father
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____ trait is expressed only when it is in a homozygous pair
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recessive
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define a carrier
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heterozyg for a recessive trait and therefore does not manifest it
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