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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Drug that is used to dissolve an already formed clot
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streptokinase
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Cell with longest life
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lymphocytes
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To prevent the occurence of myocardial infarrction due to thrombosis of the coronary artery which drug should be perscribed
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aspriin
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Deficiency of vitamin K will lead to deficiency of
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factors II,VII,IX,X
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Drug that interferes with vitamin K
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warfarin
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In our colon there are bacteria that benefits from nutrients of our diet but they produces vitamin K which is necesssary for the hemostasis. This is an example of
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mutualism
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Incorrect statement related to red blood cell in adult
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biconvex
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Hormone regulating the production of red blood cells
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erythropoietin
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Universal donor
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O+
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Blood type having antibodies against antigen A and antigen B
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O
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Hormone regulating the production of red blood cells
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erthyropoietin
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Universal donor
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o+
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Blood type having antibodies against antigen A and antigen B
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O
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Megaloblastic anemia is a disorder caused by a deficiency of
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folic acid
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People at risk of developing B12 deficiency anemia
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gastrectomy
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Incorrect statement related to bacteria
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they have a real nucleus
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For diagnosis pupose cell culture is used for which of the following infectious agents
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virus, chlamydiae, rickettsiae
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Immunoglobulin responsible for primary defense against infection in mucosal tissue
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Ig A
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Chemotaxis and phagocytosis are the properties of
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neutrophil and monocyte
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In leukemia blood test shows
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an abnormally high number of lymphocyte
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Incorrect statement
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T lymphocytes produce plasma cells
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Incorrect statement related to atopic allergy
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it has general reaction
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The followings are lymphoid organs except
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liver
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The first immunoglobin that appears in response to antigen stimulation is
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Ig M
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Humoral immunity will lead to all of the following except
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phagocytosis
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The warmth sensation, the redness and the pain in an inflammatory response is due to
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the local vasodilation
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Allergic rhinitis asthma is an
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Ig E metiated immune response
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Cell-mediated immune response has the following characteristics except
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its inset is fast
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Lab findings during an inflammation response except
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decrease ESR
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Neutropenia
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neutrophil cont<1,500/mm3
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Correct statement
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newborns from HIV infected mothers are HIV positive
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Which of the following is considered acquired passive immunity
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get a shot of antibodies against tentanus
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Most predominant immunoglobulin
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Ig G
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Toxoplasma and Cryptococcus commonly cause infection of which system of immunocompromised patient
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central nervous system
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HIV lowers the immune system by attacking
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T4 lymphocyte
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Incorrect statement related to physiologic jaundice in newborn
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onset at birth
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A man is having hemmorage. His blood type is A+. BLood type that can by transfused to him
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O+
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Red cell disorder caused by abnormal hemoglobin
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sickle cell anemia, thalassemia
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Poison ivy is an example of
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type IV allergy, delayed type of allergy, cell-mediated allergy
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Eruption that spreads from the face to the body
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rubeola
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A person due to over exposure to the sun gets sunburn with the following signs: pain, moist red, blistered with red skin underneath. Your asessment
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second degree partial thickness burn
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Incorrect statement related to HIV virus
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it has DNA as nucleic acid
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Graft versus host rejection occurs mainly following
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bone marrow transplant
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erythropoietin
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is produced in the kidneys
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definition of anemia
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an abnormally low number of circulating red cells or hemoglobin level or both
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Hypoxia symptoms
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pallor, dizziness, fatigue,weakness, dypnea, angina, cramps
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hemolytic anemia
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premature destruction of red cells
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sickle cell anemia
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autosomal recessive transmission
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acquired heolytic anemia
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immune mediated, lab test:coomb's test
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iron deficiency is
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microcytic
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B 12 deficiency
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resulting from stomach disorder.
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CM of folic acid deficiency
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anemic symptoms but no neurologic signs
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Aplastic anemia
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related to marrow, causes radiation, chemicals
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aplastic anemia
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related to marrow, causes radiation, chemicals
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polycythemia
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relative, due to loss of plasma volume without a corresponding decrease in red cells. Treatment: increase vascular fluid volume
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secondary polycythemia treatment
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focus on relieving hypoxia
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physiologic jaundice
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appears on the 2nd or 3rd day of life in term
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pathologic jaundice
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appears at birth or one week later
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ALL
Acute lymphocytic Leukemia |
primarily in children and young adults
70% are curable in kids |
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AML
Acute myelocytic Leukemia |
mainly in adult with more than 50% older than 60
linked with toxins and underlying congenital disorders |
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CLL
chronic leukemia |
mainly in old persons
enlarged lymph nodes, bleeding easy bruising |
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CML
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all elements of bone marrow are involved
3 stages:chronic, accelerated, acute or blast poor prognosis: median survival is 3-4 years with 30% living after the diagnosis |
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Virus
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RNA or DNA
replicate only in living cells then cause lysis and death of the host cell or transform host cell into malignant cell |
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bacteria
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contain single DNA and RNA
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Disease course
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incubation, prodromal, acute, convalescent (containment of infection), resolution
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antigen detection
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promote the biinding to its specific and labeled antibody
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hapten
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small foreign molecule not immunnogenic by itself but can be immunogenic if bound to sufficient larger carrier molecule
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B-lymphocytes
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10-20% of total lymphocyte
responsible for humoral immunity |
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t- lymphocytes
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predominant 70-80%, mature in the thymus, are involved in cell mediated immunity
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class 1MHC
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present on surface of all nucleated cells, react with antigen receptors on CD 8+ T lymphocyte
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CLass 2 MHC molecules
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react with antigen receptors on CD 4+
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Cellular response
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chemotaxis and phagocytosis
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vascular response
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vasodilation, response dt histamine, prosoglandins and leukotrienes
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Atopic disorders
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local reaction
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Type 2 antibody mediated
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immediate
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Type 3
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immediate or delayed (serum sickness)
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Type 4
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occur 24-72h after exposure to Ag last days to weeks
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HIV
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belongs to retrovirus with rna as nucleic acid
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HIV in infants and children
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infants clearly progress faster than adults in developing immunodeficiency and related illness
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