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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do primordial germ cells for the femal genital tract arise from?
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the yolk sac
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What does a gartner duct cyst form from?
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this is caused by a failure of regression of mesonephric duct
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What are the predisposing conditions for PID?
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may ascend from gential infections
abortion, delivery foreign body |
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What are the key signs and symptoms of PID?
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pelvic pain
vaginal discharge fever* |
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How does Gonococcus cause PID?
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this ascends from the vulva to the cervix
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What is Bartholinitis?
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this is a swollen vulvar gland
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What are the conditions of PID that cause fever and pelvic pain?
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Acute suppurative salpingitis
Salpingo-oophoritis peritonitis Pyosalpinx |
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How does PID cause secondary ovarian failure?
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through tubo-ovarian abscesses
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What are the signs of bacteremia from PID?
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infective endocarditis
Septic arthritis |
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What is Fitzhugh Curtis inflammation?
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Peritonitis-perihepatitis of PID
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What are the two main causes of Bartholin Cysts?
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secondary to obstructed gland ducts
or due to bartholinitis- gonococal or nongonococcall causes |
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What is vulvar vestibulitis?
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inflammation of small submucosal glands
-can be chronic and recurrent/painful |
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What are the 6 main causes of vulvar Leukoplakia?
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vitiligio
inflammatory dermatoses Carcinoma in situ Pagets disease vulvar dystrophy lichen sclerosis Squamous hyperplasia |
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What is Lichen sclerosis?
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this is chronic atrophic vulvitis
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What is the histology of lichen sclerosis?
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thinning of epidermis with dense dermal scarring
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What is the major sequelae of lichen sclerosis?
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labial atrophy and narrowing of vaginal introitus
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What is the male corollary of lichen sclerosis?
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balanitis xerotica obliterans
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What is the general appearance of lichen simplex chronicus?
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white vulvar plaques
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What is the microscopic morphology of lichen simplex chronicus?
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thick vuvlar epithelium
hyperkeatosis leukocytic inflitrate |
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What is a papillary hidradenoma?
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this is a benign nodule of the vulva, usually involving the labia majora?
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What is a papillary hidradenoma often confused with?
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cancer
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What is the histology of a papillary hidradenoma?
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looks like breast tissue, tubular ducts with myoepithelial cells
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What is the squamous precancer of the vulva called?
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vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia VIN
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What are the causes of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia?
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related to HPV and lichen sclerosus
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What are the signs of VIN?
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white or pigmented plaques or papules on the vulva- multicentric
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Where are the locations for extramammary pagets disease?
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vulva, perianal skin, scrotum
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What are the manifestations of extramammary pagets disease?
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pruritic red crusted skin
sharply demarcated map like area |
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Where are the locations for extramammary pagets disease?
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vulva, perianal skin, scrotum
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What are the manifestations of extramammary pagets disease?
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pruritic red crusted skin
sharply demarcated map like area |
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is extramammary pagets disease associated with underlying carcinoma?
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no it is not (unlike mammary)
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what is the microscopic morphology of extramammary pagets disease?
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large single or clustered cells within the epidermis
stains PAS positive, cytokeratin positive |
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What are the cellular markers of malignant melanoma?
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S-100 protein positive
cytokeratin negative |
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What are complications of female circumcision?
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death due to hemorrhage
unriary and genital infections infertility/difficult and complicated child birth |
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What is the most common vaginal anomalie
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imperforate hymen
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what is the major sign of imperforate hymen?
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primary amenorrhea
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Where are wolffian duct rests located in the vagina?
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lateral walls of the vagina
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What are the two main vaginal malignancies?
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clear cell adenocarcinoma
embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma |
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What does clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina arise from?
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vaginal adenosis
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What age group gets clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina?
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young/adult females who were born to mothers given DES** during pregnancy
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What age group gets embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma?
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infants and kids under age 5
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What are the two main findings in chronic cervicitis?
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nabothian cysts from obstructed glands
reparative atypia of epithelial cells |
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Who gest chronic cervicitis?
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present in all multiparas and many nulliparas
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What are Endocervical polyps?
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common- inflammatory overgrowths
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What are the signs of endocervical polyps?
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irregular vaginal bleeding
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What are hydatids of morgagni?
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theres are cytes of the fallopian tubes- come from mullerian remnants
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What are the two most common types of ovarian cysts?
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follicular cysts
corpus luteum- luteal cysts |
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What lines follicular cysts?
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granulosa cells
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what do follicular cysts produce?
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estrogen which may lead to endometrial hyperplasia, menorrhagia, menometrorrhagia
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What is the morphology of a luteal cysts?
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luteinized cells form a yellow rim of tissue about a cyst filled with blood
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what is a chocolate cyst?
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this is a nonneoplastic cyst- a hemorrhagic cyst from ovarian endometriosis
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What are the risks of polycystic ovarian disease?
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infertility, endometrial cancer
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What is the gross morphology of POCD?
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thickened ovarian capsule
multiple small subcaspular folliuclar cysts lined by granulosa cells |
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What are the signs of POCD?
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amenorrhea
obesity infertility Hirsutism polycystic ovaries acanthosis nigricans |
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How does POCD produce the mulitude of symptoms ?
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this is due to excess androgen production which leads to insulin resistance
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