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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Leiomyoma of the uterus
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Benign tumor of the Myometrium smooth muscle
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This is the most common Uterine tumor and also most common of all tumors in women
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Uterine Leiomyoma
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T or F: Leiomyomas are more common in White women than Black women
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False = more common in Blacks
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When are Leiomyomas more common and why?
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During the reproductive years because the smooth muscle cells respond to Estrogen = almost never found in prepubertal girls
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Leiomyomas
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What are these?
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Leiomyoma
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What is this?
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What are some common clinical presentations of Leiomyomas
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1. Menorrhagia
2. Abdominal mass 3. Pelvic pain, back pain, suprapubic discomfort 4. Infertility |
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What are 2 treatments for Leiomyomas?
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Myomectomy
Hysterectomy |
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Submucosal Leiomyoma
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What specifically is this?
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What are the 3 classifications of Leiomyomas?
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Submucosal
Intramural Subserosal *from inside out |
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Leiomyoma has become infected -> hemorrhage and necrosis -> pain
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What has happened here?
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What is a Leiomyosarcoma?
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MALIGNANT Smooth Muscle tumor of the Myometrium of the uterus
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How common are Leiomyosarcomas?
Do Leiomyomas transform to Leiomyosarcomas? |
Rare
No, Leiomyosarcomas originate de novo and are unrelated to preexisting Leiomyomas |
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What is the gross pathology of Leiomyosarcomas?
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Similar to Leiomyomas but with Necrosis, Hemorrhages, and Irregular borders
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Leiomyosarcoma
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What are these showing?
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Leiomyosarcoma
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Would these be Leiomyoma or Leiomyosarcoma?
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Describe Endometriosis
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presence of Endometrial glands and Stroma outside the uterus
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What are some sites for Endometriosis
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1. Ovaries
2. Tubes 3. Round ligaments 4. Distant organs = lungs, brain, skin |
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Describe the possible pathogenesis of Endometriosis
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1. Retrograde menstruation through Fallopian Tubes
2. Hematogenous spread -> lungs, skin, brain 3. Celomic Metaplasia |
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List the Clinical features of Endometriosis
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1. Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) ****
2. Dyspareunia (painful sex) 3. Chronic pelvic pain 4. Dysfunctional Uterine bleeding 5. Infertility ****most common |
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-Red Blue areas = Mulberry Nodules
-Powder burns secondary to hemosiderin What is the condition? |
Endometriosis
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Endometrial glands with Stroma
Hemorrhage and fibrosis around it |
What is this?
How do you know? |
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Endometriosis
-these five small areas of endometriosis have a reddish-brown to bluish appearance. Typical locations for endometriosis may include: ovaries, uterine ligaments, rectovaginal septum, pelvic peritoneum, and laparotomy scars. Endometriosis may even be found at more distant locations such as appendix and vagina. |
What is this?
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Endometriosis
- Ovarian "chocolate" cyst |
What is this?
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Characterized by islands of Endometrium within the Myometrium
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Adenomyosis
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Adenomyosis
Endometrial glands and stroma in the Myometrium |
What is this?
How do you know? |
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How do you distinguish Acute Salpingitis from Chronic?
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Acute = PMN's
Chronic = Lymphocytes |
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What is the usual cause of Salingitis?
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Ascending infections
-N. gonorrhoeae -E. coli -Chlamydia -Mycoplasma |
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Normal Fallopian Tube
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What is this?
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Fallopian tube filled with watery fluid
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Hydrosalpinx
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Fallopian tube filled with pus
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Pyosalpinx
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What are the clinical features of Salpingitis?
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1. Fibrosis, adhesions -> can close the lumen -> fertility problems
2. Ectopic pregnancy 3. Pain |
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Acute Salpingitis
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What is this showing?
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Hydrosalpinx
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What is this showing?
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Tubo-ovarian mass
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What is this showing?
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Tubo-ovarian abscess due to N. gonorrhoeae
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What is this showing?
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Ovarian cyst due to distention of the unruptured graafian follicle
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Follicular cyst
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Follicular cyst
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What is this?
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Normal Follicular follicle
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What is this?
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Follicular cyst lined by Granulosa cells
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What is this?
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What 2 things are Follicular cysts associated with?
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Hyperestrinism
Endometrial Hyperplasia |
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Corpus Luteum cysts
- yellow on the outside and hemorrhage on the inside |
What are these?
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Para-ovarian/Para-tubal cyst that got twisted, cutting off blood supply, and became necrotic
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What is this showing?
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Para-tubal/Para-ovarian cyst
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What is this?
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Para-tubal cyst
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What is this?
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Another name for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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Stein-Leventhal Syndrome
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What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome characterized by clinically?
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1. Amenorrhea / Anovulation
2. Infertility 3. Obesity 4. Hirsutism |
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What is the cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?
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Hormonal disturbance:
1. elevated LH 2. low FSH 3. elevated Testosterone |
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What characterizes Polycystic Ovary Syndrome morphologically?
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1. thickened ovarian capsule
2. multiple small cortical Follicular Cysts 3. Absence of Corpora Lutea or Albicans |
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
-follicular cysts |
What is this showing?
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Polycystis Ovary Syndrome
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What is this showing?
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