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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
majority of pancreas is exocrine or endocrine portion
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exocrine (80%)
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most adenocarcinomas of pancreas arise from what
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ducts-lining epithelium of exocrine portion
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common sites to find ectopic pancreas
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duodenum, meckel's diverticulum, stomach, jejunum
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clinical features of severe acute pancreatitis
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severe abdominal pain radiating to the back
shock grey-turner spots DIC ARDS |
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lab findings for acute pancreatitis
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increased serum/urine amylase
increased serum lipase leukocytosis decreases serum calcium |
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when does serum amylase return to normal after acute pancreatitis onset
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within 3 days
*urine amylase and serum lipase stay elevated up to a week |
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what are two reasons for false positive acute pancreatitis using serum amylase
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salivary gland disease (inflammation)
gut perforation |
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most specific test for acute pancreatitis
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serum lipase
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4 factors that determine adverse survival of acute pancreatitis
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leukocytosis > 16,000 uL
hyperglycemia > 200 mg/dL fall in HCT > 10% within 48 hours hypocalcemia < 8 mg/dL within 48 hours |
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type of necrosis seen in acute pancreatitis
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enzymatic fat necrosis - calcium soaps
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pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis
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activated pancreatic enzymes digesting pancreatic tissue, trypsin activates other digestive enzymes and kallikrein system
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predisposing factors for acute pancreatitis
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biliary tract stones - most common
alcoholism hypercalcemia hypertriglyceridemia |
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most common cause of acute pancreatitis
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biliary tract stone obstruction
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caused by repeated episodes of MILD acute pancreatitis
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chronic pancreatitis
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associated with chronic pancreatitis
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alcoholism
cystic fibrosis |
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result of exocrine/endocrine hypofunction of chornic pancreatitis
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exocrine - malabsorption
endocrine - DM |
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pathologic changes seen in chronic pancreatitis
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fibrosis
focal calcifications pancreatic pseudocysts |
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class findings in chronic pancreatitis
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pancreatic calcifications
steatorrhea DM No elevation of serum amylase or lipase |
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Is the serum amylase or lipase elevated in chronic pancreatitis
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NO
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most common location of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
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head of pancrease (2/3)
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associated with painless jaundice
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adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas
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associated with pain, distant metastases and abdominal pain
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adenocarcinoma of body and tail of pancreas
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risk factors for adenocarcinoma of pancreas
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cigarette smoking
black male with DM |
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associated with trousseau's sign
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adenocarcinoma of pancreas
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most common sites affected by CF
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pancreas, tracheal, and bronchial glands
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genetics of CF
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autosomal recessive gene on 7q31
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most common mutation in CF
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delta F508 deletion
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associated with pneumonia (staphylococcus and Pseudomonas) and bronchiectasis
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CF
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what is affected first in CF, exocrine or endocrine function
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exocrine function - malabsorption
endocrine function is preserved until late in disease |
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diagnostic test for CF
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abnormally high levels of Cl and Na in sweat
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responsible for most morbidity and mortality in CF
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recurrent and chronic respiratory infections
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Can CF lead to cirrhosis
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Yes - portal HTN with ascites, splenomegaly, and esophageal varices
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99% of men are infertile
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Cystic fibrosis
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