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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which has a worse prognosis: acute or chronic leukemia?
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acute - patients are usually dead in 6 months or less
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what type of acute leukemia is most common in pediatrics? what type is most common in adults? (general types)
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peds - acute Lymphocytic leukemia
adults - acute Myelocytic leukemia |
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you see a patient in the ER that tells you he has been diagnosed with leukemia. while interviewing him you notice that his gums are swollen and bleeding (signs of gum infiltration). what type of leukemia does he most likely have?
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he has a leukemia of monocytic differentiation so either M4 or M5
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what must be present in the blood or bone marrow in order to make a diagnosis of an acute leukemia?
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you must see > 20% blasts
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M0
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AML with minimal differentiation
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M1
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AML without maturation
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M2
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AML with granulocyte maturation
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M3
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Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
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M4
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Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia
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M5a
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Acute Monoblastic Leukemia
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M5b
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Acute Monocytic Leukemia
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M6
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Acute Erythroid Leukemia
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M7
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Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia
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what is AML with multiple lineage?
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dysplasia in > 50% of the cells of at least 2 lineages
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T or F: AML that is therapy related usually has a poor prognosis.
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True
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what are Auer rods? when are they seen?
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- these are aggregated granules in cells of granulocytic lineage
- this is a microscopic change only seen in AML |
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analysis of a biopsy of a patient's blood cells show white cells that are less than 3% blasts, the blasts are myeloperoxidase and Sudan Black B positive, positive for myeloid antigens, and negative for lymphoid antigens. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M0 - AML with minimal differentiation
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a patient's WBCs show > 3% blasts that are myeloperoxidase and sudan black B positive. the patient also has <10% promyelocytes and mature granulocytes. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M1 - AML without maturation
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what is the most common type of AML?
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M2 AML with maturation
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patient has > 3% blasts that are myeloperoxidase and sudan black B positive. the patient also has more than 10% promyelocytes and mature granulocytes. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M2 - AML with maturation
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a patient has > 20% blasts that are granulocytic and > 20% blasts that are monocytic. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M4 - Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia
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a patient has > 80% monocytes and the majority of the monocytes are monoblasts. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M5a - Acute Monoblastic Leukemia
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a patient has > 80% monocytes and the majority of the monocytes are promonocytes. what is the most likely diagnosis/
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M5b - Acute Monocytic Leukemia
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a patient has >50% of the bone marrow as erythroid cells and >20% of the non-erythroid cells are myeloblasts. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M6 - Acute Erythrocytic Leukemia
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what cell line would I find CD41a and CD61a?
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megakaryocytes
CD41a = GPIIb/IIIa CD61a = GPIIIa |
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a patient has blasts that are myeloperoxidase and sudan black B negative, and over 50% of the blasts test positive for CD41a and CD61a. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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M7 - Acute Megakaryocyte Leukemia
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What disease/disorder is Acute Myeloid Leukemia/transient myeloproliferative disorder associated with?
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Down's syndrome
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if a patient has a leukemia that is HLA-DR negative, what type of leukemia do they have?
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M3 is the only acute leukemia that is HLA-DR negative
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what is the most common type of acute lymphocytic leukemia?
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L1
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a patient's white cells are large, with round nuclei, and intensely basophilic cytoplasm that contains vacuoles that are oil red O positive. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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L3 ALL
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