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144 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What does this x-ray show?
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pseudoarthrosis
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What is this x-ray show?
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osetogenesis imperfecta
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What does this x-ray show?
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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What do they eyes show?
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osteogenesis imperfecta due to blue sclera
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What do these in combination usually mean?
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osteogenesis imperfecta (blue sclera and dismorphic teeth
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What does this slide show?
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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What is the x-ray showing?
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osteopetrosis
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What does this x-ray show?
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osteopetrosis
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What is going on in this slide?
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osteopetrosis
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What does this slide show
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osteopetrosis
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What does this x-ray show?
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acrondroplasia
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What is this x-ray of?
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apert's skull
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What does this x-ray show?
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syndactyly
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What condition does this slide show?
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osteomyelitis
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What kind of condition does this slide show? see the dead bone?
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osteomyelitis
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What do you see in this slide?
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osteomyeltits
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What condition is this? how do u know?
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osteomyelitis dead bone
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What is this condition?
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osteomyelitis
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What is going on here? How can you tell?
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osteomyelitis- barely any bone left
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What is this called? how do you know?
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osteomyelitis dead bone
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What is this slide of?
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osteonecrosis
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What is this condition?
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osteoporosis
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What condition is this?
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rickets
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What does this slide show? What is black and pink
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osteomalacia- calcium is black and osteod that failed to calcify is pink
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What is going on in this picture?
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osteomalacia, calcium is black and osteoid that failed to calcify is brown.
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What condition is this?
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osteoporosis never mineralized
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What does this slide?
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brown tumor hypoparathyroidism
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What is this slide showing?
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pagets osteitis deformas
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What is this slide showing?
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pagets (osteitis deformas(
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What does this slide show?
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pagets (osteitis deformans)
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What is this slide?
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pagets (osteitis deformans)
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What is this slide?
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pagets (osteitis deformans)
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What is this slide showing?
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pagets, (osteitis deformans)
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What is the definition of the following
1. Osteoporosis 2. Osteopetrosis 3. Osteomalacia, Rickets |
1. Decreased bone mass
2. Thick, dense bone 3. Soft bones |
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Define the following by saying something about each:
a. Osteitis fibrosa cystica b. Paget’s disease |
a. Brown tumors
b. Abnormal bone architecture |
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Give a quality of the following conditions
a. Osteoporosis b. Osteopetrosis c. Osteomalacia (adults), Rickets (kids) d. Paget’s disease e. Osteogenesis imperfecta |
a. Excessive bone resorption
b. Failure to resorb bone c. Lack of vitamin D d. Enlarged, deformed bones e. Collagen type-1 deficiency |
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What does this x-ray show?
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osteopetrosis
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What is this slide showing?
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rickets
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What is this diagnosis?
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pagets
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What is this diagnostic?
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pagets
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What is this diagnosis?
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pseudoarthrosis
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What is the diagnosis?
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comminuted fracture
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What is this fracture called?
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greenstick
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What are these slides showing?
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osteomyelitis
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What does this slide show?
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TB form known as Potts disease
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What does this slide show and what does it indicate?
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red snapper- indicates TB
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What is this slide showing?
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fibrous dysplasia
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What is this?
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shepards crook in femur, often associated with McCune- Albright
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Which is it?
A. Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy B. Limb-girdle dystrophy C. Myositis ossificans D. Becker’s muscular dystrophy E. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy |
A
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1. The creation of many tiny lumens in an occluded vessel that once had a single large lumen is called:
A. propagation B. embolization C. vegetation D. recanalization E. eburnation |
D
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A viper bite is a notable cause of
A. lymphedema B. watershed infarct C. disseminated intravascular coagulation D. thromboembolus E. transudate |
C
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. Increased blood flow to an organ due to dilated arterioles that causes increased blood content in the organ is called
A. hyperemia B. congestion C. edema D. effusion E. hemorrhage |
A
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Alkaptonuria produces black discoloration primarily of the
A. muscle B. bone C. tendons & ligaments D. synovium & synovial fluid E. cartilage |
E
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Diagnose...
A. Ganglion cyst B. Palmar fibromatosis C. Osteoarthritis D. Gout E. Rheumatoid arthritis |
B
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One photo. Heart on right, lungs at top and bottom, pulmonary artery opened. What’s the diagnosis?
A. massive pulmonary edema B. saddle thromboembolus C. postmortem thrombus D. hemorrhagic lung infarct E. bone marrow embolus |
B
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Muscle. The patient probably has
A. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy B. Mitochondrial myopathy C. Myotonic dystrophy D. Nerve disease or injury E. Trichinosis |
C
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H&E photo of bone. What is the diagnosis?
A. giant cell tumor B. osteosarcoma C. osteomyelitis D. osteoid osteoma E. healing fracture with giant cell formation |
A
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Femur and H&E photo of bone. What is the diagnosis?
A. giant cell tumor B. osteosarcoma C. osteomyelitis D. osteoid osteoma E. ewings sarcoma |
E
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A. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
B. Mitochondrial myopathy C. Ewing’s sarcoma D. Werdnig-Hoffman E. Pompe’s disease ANSWER HAS ANOTHER PIC |
D
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Diagnoses
A. Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy B. Limb-girdle dystrophy C. Myositis ossificans D. Becker’s muscular dystrophy E. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy |
A
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One photo. Lung. What is the diagnosis?
A. fat embolus B. tuberculosis C. talc embolization D. gout E. bacterial infection |
C
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. Brain. The darker areas of cortex are infarcted. The infarcts are most likely due to
A. Arterial emboli B. Regional infection involving vessels C. Venous occlusion D. Hypotension E. Impossible to determine |
D
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Soft tissue mass. Your best diagnosis?
A. Chondrosarcoma B. Lipoma C. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma D. Hibernoma E. Liposarcoma |
E
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Muscle biopsy, mystery stain plus electron micrograph. What is the diagnosis?
A. Myotonic dystrophy B. Myasthenia gravis C. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy D. Nemaline myopathy E. Mitochondrial myopathy |
ragged Red fibers here
also look at pic E |
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Peripheral smear. The structures indicated by the arrows are
A. microthrombi B. platelets C. schistocytes D. tadpole cells E. strap cells |
C
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Muscle. The patient probably has
A. trichinosis B. myotonic dystrophy C. polymyositis D. nerve disease or injury E. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy |
A
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Muscle, mystery stain. What is the diagnosis?
A. critical illness myopathy B. mitochondrial myopathy C. muscular dystrophy D. nerve disease or damage E. myasthenia gravis |
D
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Patient photo and synovium on H&E. What is the probable diagnosis?
A. Gout B. Palmar fibromatosis C. Osteoarthritis D. Rheumatoid arthritis E. Synoviosarcoma |
D
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H&E of bone. What is the diagnosis?
A. Osteomyelitis B. Osteosarcoma C. Osteopetrosis D. Osteoporosis E. Paget’s osteitis deformans |
A
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Head CT & bone H&E. What is the diagnosis?
A. Paget’s osteitis deformans B. Metastatic cancer C. Osteomalacia D. Osteopetrosis E. Osteosarcoma Look at other pic press click |
A
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Pulmonary artery. What is the diagnosis?
A. old infarct with scar B. atheroembolus C. recent infarct D. petechiae E. no pathology |
C
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Femur & H&E bone. Diagnosis?
A. Pyogenic osteomyelitis B. Osteosarcoma C. Osteoid osteoma D. Chondrosarcoma E. Ewing’s sarcoma |
B
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Radiograph & biopsy of lesion. Diagnosis?
A. Enchondroma B. Chondrosarcoma C. Healing fracture D. Metastatic cancer E. Osteochondroma |
A
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&E section. What is the diagnosis?
A. Liposarcoma B. Osteosarcoma C. Chondrosarcoma D. Rhabdomyosarcoma E. Ewing’s sarcoma |
D
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Muscle biopsy what is it?
A. Polymyositis B. Werdnig-Hoffman C. Myotonic dystrophy D. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy E. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease |
D
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Muscle biopsy, NADH stain. What is the diagnosis?
A. inclusion body myositis B. mitochondrial myopathy C. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy D. myotonic dystrophy E. nerve problem |
E
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Muscle biopsy, NADH stain. What is the diagnosis?
A. inclusion body myositis B. Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy C. myotonic dystrophy D. mitochondrial myopathy E. Kugelberg-Welander |
C
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X-ray of vertebral column and patient photo. Diagnosis?
A. Osteoarthritis B. Pott’s disease C. Osteoporosis D. Ankylosing spondylitis E. Rheumatoid arthritis |
D
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1. What causes Kashin-Beck disease?
2. How does Codman’s triangle form? |
1. Selenium & Vitamin E def
2. CA lifts up the periosteum |
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If a pathologist does an oil red O stain on a section of lung, he/she would probably be looking for a(n):
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Fat embolus due to a bone fracture
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What produces the famous “water wheel murmur?”
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air embolus
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People with myasthenia gravis very often already have a tumor of the:
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thymus
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A “rim” pattern on antinuclear antibody testing suggests what illness?
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SLE
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What is pycnodysostosis caused by:
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Defective cathepsin K
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What is Brodie’s abscess?
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Walled off area of bacteria
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What is Felty’s Syndrome?
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RA + splenomegaly + neutropenia
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What would you see on muscle biopsy in Kearns-Sayre syndrome?
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ragged red fibers
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What important non-neoplastic bone disease is an important cause of secondary osteosarcomas in older people?
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Paget’s osteitis deformans
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Which cell is apparently not doing its job in osteopetrosis?
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osteoclasts
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What is the most common bacteria implicated in osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients?
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salmonella
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What is deposited, usually in the knees, of patients with pseudogout?
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Postivly birefringent rhomboid cystals of calcium phoshate
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What is the name of the common local lesion involving the anterior tibial tuberosity of athletic rapidly-growing teens?
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Osgood's Schlatter
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What disease should be suspected if multiple enchondromas are found in a pt?
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Ollier's
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What virus attacks skeletal muscle most aggressively?
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Coxsackie virus
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What is the name given to aggressively invasive, but non-metastasizing growths of fibroblasts?
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desmoids
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What is the implicated locus in achondroplasia?
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FGFR-3
fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 |
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What do we mean by “propagation” of a thrombus?
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Thrombus becomes larger and travels down the vessel in the direction of blood flow
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What is a “joint mouse?”
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Piece of bone breaks off and travels within the joint & can get lodged in the joint space
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what is?
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chondrosarcoma
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What is this?
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Dermatomyositis (peripheral atrophy)
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What is?
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Enchondroma
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What is?
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Ewing sarcoma (all nucleus, glycogen vacuoles)
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What is?
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Fibrosarcoma (herringbone pattern)
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what is
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Fibrous dysplasia (fibrous tissue between bone)
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what is this?
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Giant cell tumor (osteoclasts & spindle cells)
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What is?
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Liposarcoma
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What is ?
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Giant cell tumor (osteoclasts & spindle cells)
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Inside skeletal muscle what is?
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Inclusion body myositis (inside skeletal muscle)
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what is?
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Ewing sarcoma (all nucleus, glycogen vacuoles)
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What is this?
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Osteosarcoma (Codman’s triangle)
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what is?
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Liposarcoma
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What is?
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Fibrosarcoma (herringbone pattern)
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what is?
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lipoma
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what is? (bizarre spindle cells)?
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Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (bizarre spindle cells)
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bone what is it?
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Fibrous dysplasia (fibrous tissue between bone)
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what is?
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Fibrosarcoma (fireworks pattern)
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muscle... what is diagnosis
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Myotonic dystrophy (ring fiber around cell periphery, central nuclei)
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Skeletal muscle what is it?
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Trichinosis (cyst in skeletal muscle)
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what is it?
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Rhabdomyosarcoma (muscle growing in another tissue)
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what is this?
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Osteoma (grows on skull/jaw)
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what is it in bone?
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Paget disease (mosaic pattern)
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what is this with muscle pic?
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Mitochondrial myopathy (ragged appearance)
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What is this shit?
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Myotonic dystrophy (ring fiber)
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What is this?
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Osteosarcoma (making osteoid)
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what is?
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Osteosarcoma (making osteoid)
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What is it?
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Polymyositis (WBCs infiltrate)
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What is it ?
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Reiter’s syndrome (uveitis)
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What is it?
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Rhabdomyosarcoma (muscle growing in another tissue)
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Diagnose and why?
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osteosarcoma
The microscopic appearance of an osteosarcoma is shown here. Sarcomas have very pleomorphic cells, often with a spindle shape. One large cell with very large nuclei is seen near the center. There are islands of reactive new bone. |
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what is it?
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rickets
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What would we think?
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DIC
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What type of edema is this?
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ASCITES=excess free fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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What type of edema is this?
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ASCITES=excess free fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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What type of edema and why?
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HYDROTHORAX=excess free fluid in the pleural cavity (if pus=empyema, if blood=hemothorax)
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What type of edema?
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Lymphedema=edema due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels
If due to filarial worms-elephantitis |
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What type of edema?
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pulmonary edema
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What should you consider for the following scenarios...
a. Edema appearing first in the feet after standing … b Edema appearing first around the eyes… c. Edema appearing first as excess fluid in the abdomen… |
a. consider heart failure.- cardiac edema
b. consider total-body water overload and/or low blood albumin. RENAL EDEMA. c. consider low blood albumin plus increased resistance to the portal venous flow... LIVER DISEASE. |
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What is this indicative of?
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Thrombi usually turn into granulation tissue, and contraction opens many little channels. This is “recanalization.”
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What is this?
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Ante-mortem thrombi: irregular swirling layers from alternating laminar flow (fewer RBCs) and turbulent flow (more RBCs)
Called Lines of Zahn Tend to be hard and crumbly (friable) |
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What kind of something?
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Post-mortem thrombi: see separate chicken fat and currant jelly layers
Rubbery, gelatinous, and non-adhesive |
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What is this?
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bone marrow embolism
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What do we see?
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Atheroembolus: grummus debris from an atherosclerotic plaque. Often embolize to kidney, toes, male genitals
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What does this slide show us?
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Calcium Pyrophosphate crystals
Usually deposit in the knee and very common especially in the elderly Common in knee PSEUDO GOUT |
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What is this?
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Needle shaped crystals
NEGATIVE BIREFRIGENCE Uric Acid Crystals GOUT |
