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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mechanism of action of Sildenafil citrate (Viagra®) ? |
TQ By inhibiting the cGMP‐PDE5,
-Sildenafil causes inc. cGMP in various tissues including the penile corpora cavernosa -Also results in NO‐stimulated vascular relaxation |
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Which drugs are an absolute contraindication for Sildenafil? |
TQ Nitrates – Use is contraindicated fatal fall in BP – Vasodilators (Organic Nitrates): Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors may enhance the vasodilatory effect of Vasodilators (Organic Nitrates). Risk X: Avoid combination |
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What are the three Impotence drugs currently on the market ? |
Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil |
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Which of the 3 impotence drugs has the longest half life? |
Tadalafil "weekend viagra" |
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What are 4 classes of drugs associated with Female Infertility/Menstrual Irregularity? |
1. NSAIDS 2. Opiates** 3. Corticosteroids 4. Antipsychotics |
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What is a major concern and reason for low doses when taking Clomiphene? |
multiple pregnancies |
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Gonadotropins contain which hormone(s)? |
FSH (no LH) |
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Menotropin contains which hormone(s)? |
FSH and LH |
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What is the MOA of Menotropins? |
- Directly stimulate ovaries - LH acts on mature follicle to induce ovulation, and it stimulates the corpus luteum in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle to produce progesterone and androgens. |
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Hormone Replacement Therapy
What is the most potent naturally occurring estrogen? |
Estradiol17B(E2) |
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What hormone increases endometrial receptivity for implantation of an embryo?
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Progesterone • Once an embryo is implanted, progesterone acts to maintain the pregnancy.
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What is the function of Progesterone? |
Increase endometrial receptivity for implantation of an embryo. |
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Which form of administration of estrogen does not avoid first pass metabolism? |
Oral administration first pass metabolism is high.
- 60-90% is converted to estrone or inactive metabolites. - Therefore, high doses of exogenous estrogens need to be given to compensate. |
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Which forms of administration of estrogen avoid first pass metabolism? |
– Vaginal‐ TOPICAL** – Transdermal‐ PATCH** –Injectable‐ NOT USED FOR HRT (used to stop bleeding in female cancer patients) |
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What should be given in addition to estrogen to females that have no undergone a hysterectomy? |
Progestins |
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What level of serum FSH indicates menopause? |
TQ Serum FSH 30 pg/mL |
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What is the treatment for vasomotor instability in a woman with an intact uterus (no hysterectomy) |
Cyclic Estrogen/Progestin Treatment Estrogen is typically administered on a daily basis, then a progesterone is co‐administered with the estrogen for at least 12 TO 14 days of the 28‐day cycle. The progestin causes scheduled withdrawal bleeding in approximately 90% of women. |
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How does estrogen affect blood lipid in cardiovascular protection? |
Estrogens lower LDL and raise HDL and Triglycerides |
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What is the benefit of an estrogen transdermal patch? |
eliminates first pass metabolism |
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What does SERMs stand for? |
Selective estrogen receptor modulator |
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What is the indication of Raloxifene?
It has no effect in reducing what? |
Raloxifene is indicated for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
-hot flashes |
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Raloxifene has beneficial effects on lipoprotein metabolism by |
-reducing total cholesterol and LDL -however HDL is not increased |
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What are the adverse effects of Raloxifene? |
Deep vein thrombosis, leg cramps, and hot flashes |
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Before initiating HRT, |
Menopause should be verified |
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What should a woman's FSH level be to begin hormone replacement therapy |
FSH level of 30 |
