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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define Infectious Disease
page 75 |
Any Dz caused by an invasion of a pathogen which grows and multiplies in the body.
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What are prions?
page 76 |
Modified host protiens.
Affect the nervous system. |
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What are viruses?
page 76 |
Infectious agents that rely on the hosts metabolic machinery for replication.
They inject their DNA into a cell, causing the cell to make copies of the virus. |
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What are Bacteriophages, Plasmids and Transposons?
page 76 |
Mobile genetic agents that infect bacteria making them either more virulent or more resistant to antibodies
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What are bacteria?
page 76 |
Single cell organisms that lack a true nucleus, carry only one circular chromosome, have a cell wall & membrane, multiply by binary fision and are classified as either: Cocci (round), Bacilli (rod) and Spirochetes (spiral)
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What are Rickettes, Chlamydiae, Mycoplasmas?
page 76 |
Transmitted mostly by insects, these are like bacteria but missing certain structures or organelles.
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What are Fungi?
page 76 |
Produce spores, asexual at times.
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What are Protozoa?
page 76 |
Mobile, single cell organisms that replicate within the cell or urogenital system, intestines or blood. Tranmitted via fecal-oral route or by blood sucking insects.
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What are Helminths?
page 76 |
Parasitic worms
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What are Ectoparasites?
page 76 |
Bugs that attach to and live on the skin. (ie Bed bugs)
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Define Pathogenecity.
page 77 |
The ability of the infectious agent to establish itself in a host and cause disease.
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What is Virulence?
page 77 |
The measure of strength of pathogenecity
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Describe Low Virulence.
page 77 |
Relies on person to person contact to spread.
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Describe high virulence.
page 77 |
Can be spread by many means.
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What are Virulence Factors?
page 77 |
The ability of the organism to produce symptoms.
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What are Pili?
page 77 |
Appendages that allow bacteria to adhere to mucosal surfaces.
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What are Toxins (regarding virulence factors) ?
page 77 |
Potent molecules secreted or released from bacteria.
(ie Tetanus, Botulism) |
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What is a cell capsule?
page 77 |
Protective outer surfaces that allow bacteria to avoid phagocytosis by non specific host defenses.
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What is an Infective Does?
page 77 |
The number of bacteria required to causes disease.
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What are some ways that Infectious Agents cause disease?
page 77 |
Kill hosts cells directly
Release enzymes that kill host cells directly Trigger a response in the host that causes the host injury. |
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What is the pathogen Reservoir?
page 78 |
The carrier or source host of a disease.
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What are 3 types of Reservoirs?
page 78 |
Human
Animal (#1 = Pig) Non-animal (soil, dust, water) |
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What are 4 ways pathogens escape from the reservoir?
page 78 |
Respiratory tract
Gastrointestinal tract Genitourinary tract Open lesions |
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What are 3 Human-to-Human modes of disease transmission?
page 78 |
Direct sexual contact
Fecal - Oral Inhalation |
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How many types of cold viruses have been identified thus far?
page 78 |
254
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What are 3 Non-human to Human modes of disease transmission?
page 79 |
Soil
Water Animal |
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What are 4 ways organisms gain entry into the host?
page 79 |
Skin
Respiratory Tract Gastrointestinal Tract Genitourinary Tract |
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What is Incubation?
page 80 |
The time between organism transmission to the beginning of symptoms in the host.
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What are some Host Factors in regards to the spread of microbes within the host?
page 80 |
Age
Number of T-cells Concentration of Pathogen Duration of exposure Health of Host |
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Do microbes spread more in Cool & Dry or Warm & Moist environments?
page 80 |
Warm & Moist baby, yeah!
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What are 2 tissue planes in which microbes spread throughout the body?
page 80 |
Meninges
Aponeurosis |
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What happens to blood when there is too much bacteria within?
page 80 |
Becomes septic (too much acidity)
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How can LMT's prevent the spread of disease?
page 81 |
Wash Hands
Clean sheets every client Do laundry regularly Clean lotion bottle every client Cut nails Keep room clean (carpet, sinks, bathroom) Proper ventilation (clean air filters) Dont work ill clients Dont work when ill. Beware of lesions |
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How is substance abuse diagnosed?
page 92 |
If the patients life has been disrupted by substance use.
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What are the faxctors used to identify substance abuse?
page 80 |
Persistant use that results in failure to fulfill major obligations at work.
Recurrent use in physically hazardous situations. Repeated legal problems related to substance abuse Persistent use in spite of continued problems caused by use. |
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What are the qualifiers that identify susbstance dependance?
page 93 |
Withdrawal
Tolerance A recurring desire to cutback Large amounts of time involved with substance use. Withdrawal from former activities. Persistent use despite awareness of problem. |
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What is the difference between Substance Abuse and Substance Dependance.
page 93 |
Victim is aware of the problem with abuse, but is unable to stop use with dependance.
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