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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define Infectious Disease

page 75
Any Dz caused by an invasion of a pathogen which grows and multiplies in the body.
What are prions?

page 76
Modified host protiens.
Affect the nervous system.
What are viruses?

page 76
Infectious agents that rely on the hosts metabolic machinery for replication.
They inject their DNA into a cell, causing the cell to make copies of the virus.
What are Bacteriophages, Plasmids and Transposons?

page 76
Mobile genetic agents that infect bacteria making them either more virulent or more resistant to antibodies
What are bacteria?

page 76
Single cell organisms that lack a true nucleus, carry only one circular chromosome, have a cell wall & membrane, multiply by binary fision and are classified as either: Cocci (round), Bacilli (rod) and Spirochetes (spiral)
What are Rickettes, Chlamydiae, Mycoplasmas?

page 76
Transmitted mostly by insects, these are like bacteria but missing certain structures or organelles.
What are Fungi?

page 76
Produce spores, asexual at times.
What are Protozoa?

page 76
Mobile, single cell organisms that replicate within the cell or urogenital system, intestines or blood. Tranmitted via fecal-oral route or by blood sucking insects.
What are Helminths?

page 76
Parasitic worms
What are Ectoparasites?

page 76
Bugs that attach to and live on the skin. (ie Bed bugs)
Define Pathogenecity.

page 77
The ability of the infectious agent to establish itself in a host and cause disease.
What is Virulence?

page 77
The measure of strength of pathogenecity
Describe Low Virulence.

page 77
Relies on person to person contact to spread.
Describe high virulence.

page 77
Can be spread by many means.
What are Virulence Factors?

page 77
The ability of the organism to produce symptoms.
What are Pili?

page 77
Appendages that allow bacteria to adhere to mucosal surfaces.
What are Toxins (regarding virulence factors) ?

page 77
Potent molecules secreted or released from bacteria.
(ie Tetanus, Botulism)
What is a cell capsule?

page 77
Protective outer surfaces that allow bacteria to avoid phagocytosis by non specific host defenses.
What is an Infective Does?

page 77
The number of bacteria required to causes disease.
What are some ways that Infectious Agents cause disease?

page 77
Kill hosts cells directly
Release enzymes that kill host cells directly
Trigger a response in the host that causes the host injury.
What is the pathogen Reservoir?

page 78
The carrier or source host of a disease.
What are 3 types of Reservoirs?

page 78
Human
Animal (#1 = Pig)
Non-animal (soil, dust, water)
What are 4 ways pathogens escape from the reservoir?

page 78
Respiratory tract
Gastrointestinal tract
Genitourinary tract
Open lesions
What are 3 Human-to-Human modes of disease transmission?

page 78
Direct sexual contact
Fecal - Oral
Inhalation
How many types of cold viruses have been identified thus far?

page 78
254
What are 3 Non-human to Human modes of disease transmission?

page 79
Soil
Water
Animal
What are 4 ways organisms gain entry into the host?

page 79
Skin
Respiratory Tract
Gastrointestinal Tract
Genitourinary Tract
What is Incubation?

page 80
The time between organism transmission to the beginning of symptoms in the host.
What are some Host Factors in regards to the spread of microbes within the host?

page 80
Age
Number of T-cells
Concentration of Pathogen
Duration of exposure
Health of Host
Do microbes spread more in Cool & Dry or Warm & Moist environments?

page 80
Warm & Moist baby, yeah!
What are 2 tissue planes in which microbes spread throughout the body?

page 80
Meninges
Aponeurosis
What happens to blood when there is too much bacteria within?

page 80
Becomes septic (too much acidity)
How can LMT's prevent the spread of disease?

page 81
Wash Hands
Clean sheets every client
Do laundry regularly
Clean lotion bottle every client
Cut nails
Keep room clean (carpet, sinks, bathroom)
Proper ventilation (clean air filters)
Dont work ill clients
Dont work when ill.
Beware of lesions
How is substance abuse diagnosed?

page 92
If the patients life has been disrupted by substance use.
What are the faxctors used to identify substance abuse?

page 80
Persistant use that results in failure to fulfill major obligations at work.
Recurrent use in physically hazardous situations.
Repeated legal problems related to substance abuse
Persistent use in spite of continued problems caused by use.
What are the qualifiers that identify susbstance dependance?

page 93
Withdrawal
Tolerance
A recurring desire to cutback
Large amounts of time involved with substance use.
Withdrawal from former activities.
Persistent use despite awareness of problem.
What is the difference between Substance Abuse and Substance Dependance.

page 93
Victim is aware of the problem with abuse, but is unable to stop use with dependance.