Pathology Final - Module 12 - Diseases Of The Gi Tract

Front 1

absorption

Back 1

the process of taking up nutrients and other materials from the external environment of the GI tract into the internal environment of the body

Front 2

adhesion

Back 2

a fibrous band of scar tissue that binds together normally separate anatomical structures

Front 3

appendicitis

Back 3

acute inflammation of the appendix which may lead to perforation of the appendix wall and subsequent peritonitis

Front 4

Crohn's disease

Back 4

transmural inflammatory disease that can affect any portion of the digestive tract but principally affects the small intestine and occasionally the colon

Front 5

digestion

Back 5

the process of breaking foods down into smaller constituent parts

Front 6

diverticulum

Back 6

a pouch or sac branching out from a hollow organ or structure, such as the intestine

Front 7

dysphagia

Back 7

difficulty swallowing

Front 8

fistula

Back 8

abnormal duct or passage connecting an abscess, cavity or hollow organ to the body surface or to another hollow organ

Front 9

Helicobacter pylori

Back 9

type of bacteria that appear as small curved rods and are commonly found in the surface mucosal layer of epithelial cells in individuals affected by peptic ulcer disease

Front 10

hematemesis

Back 10

vomiting of blood

Front 11

hematochezia

Back 11

red blood in the stool - the source of blood is from the lower GI tract

Front 12

hernia

Back 12

the protrusion of an organ or other structure through the wall of the cavity normally containing it

Front 13

IBD

Back 13

inflammatory bowel disease - includes Crohn's and ulcerative colitis - characterized by inflammation of the bowel

Front 14

intussusception

Back 14

when a segment of small bowel becomes telescoped into the immediately distal bowel

Front 15

melena

Back 15

black blood in the stool - typically from the stomach or duodenum and is thus acted upon by digestive enzymes creating it's black appearence

Front 16

occult bleeding

Back 16

blood is stools that is not visible to the naked eye

Front 17

peptic ulcer

Back 17

a break in the mucosal lining of the GI tract produced by the action of gastric secretions

Front 18

perforation

Back 18

abnormal opening in a hollow organ or organ of the digestive system

Front 19

peritonitis

Back 19

inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities and surrounding the contained organs

Front 20

peristalsis

Back 20

a wave of contractions and relaxations of the digestive tract propelling its contents towards the anus

Front 21

polyp

Back 21

a general term used to describe any mass of tissue that projects outwards from a normally smooth surface

Front 22

stricutre

Back 22

narrowing of a tubular structure, usually consisting of a contracture or deposition of abnormal tissue

Front 23

ulcerative colitis

Back 23

an inflammatory disease of the colon which commonly present with chronic diarrhea and rectal bleeding

Front 24

volvulus

Back 24

a twisting of the intestine causing an obstruction and often impairing blood supply resulting in infarction