Pathology Chapter 7 Tagg And Text

Front 1

Study of neoplasms (tumors)

Back 1

Oncology

Front 2

The abnormal, excessive, and uncontrolled multiplication of cells with the formation of a mass or new growth of tissue.

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Neoplasms (tumors)

Front 3

A tumor that is not cancerous. it grows by expansion; it doesn't metastasize; they generally do not return after surgery; do not cause excessive tissue damage; do not cause whole body changes; resemble tissue of origin; generally aren't fatal unless puts pressure on the brain/ blocks blood flow to organ.

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Benign

Front 4

Benign neoplasms usually end in

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-oma

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tissue lining the surface. Any tissue that can be reached without cutting tissue (includes the lining of the digestive system).

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Epithelial tissue

Front 6

benign tumor of glandular origin

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Adenoma

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Circumscribed outgrowth from skin or mucous membrane e.g. wart.

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Papilloma

Front 8

a congenital discoloration of circumscribed area of the skin due to pigmentation. like a mole

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nevus

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a growth or mass of tissue that protrudes from a mucous membrane

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polyp

Front 10

any tissue that is not epithelial tissue

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connective

Front 11

nonmalignant tumor of the bone

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Osteoma

Front 12

Nonmalignant tumor of the cartilage

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Chondroma

Front 13

Nonmalignant tumor of the fat

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lipoma

Front 14

Nonmalignant tumor of vasculor origin (cardio or lymph)

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Angioma

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Nonmalignant tumor of fibrous connective tissue

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Fibroma

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Adenomas, Papillomas, Nevus, and Polyps are all types of benign tumors of which kind of tissue

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epithelial

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Osteomas, chondromas, lipomas, angiomas, and fibromas are all types of benign tumors of which kind of tissue?

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Connective

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Nonmalignant tumor of striated or skeletal muscle tissue

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Rhabdomyoma

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Nonmalignant tumor of smooth muscle tissue (involuntary)

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Leiomyoma

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Tumors that grow by infiltration; metastasize creating secondary foci; can reoccur after surgical removal; cause extensive tissue damage; cause total body changes; does not resemble the tissue surrounding it; and is lethal unless treated.

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Malignant tumors

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Malignant tumors of the Epithelial tissue usually end in

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-carcinoma

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a serious form of skin cancer that begins in the melanocytes which are the cells that make skin pigment.

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Melanoma

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the second most common skin cancer; it arises from the epidermis and resembles the squamous cells in the outer layers of the skin. Most common on the sun-exposed parts of the body. Fair skinned individuals are more likely to get it. Tumor of the epidermis

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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A malignant epithelial tumor with tubular; acinar, or papillary growth patterns, or mucus production by tumor cells. Tumor of glands

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Adenocarcinoma

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Between the layers of the skin; the most common cancer of the urinary system.

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transitional Cell carcinoma

Front 26

the most common form of skin cancer; the most common of ALL cancers. Symptoms: open sore that bleeds more than three weeks; a reddish patch that crusts, itches, or hurts, located on the chest shoulders, arms, or legs; a shiny bump that is translucent or pink, red, white, black, or brown;

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Basal cell carcinoma

Front 27

Malignant tumors in the connective tissue usually end in

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sarcoma

Front 28

Malignant tumor of the bone; an aggressive, rapid growing tumor that often spreads to the lungs in its early stages. This form of bone cancer appears as a hard, white tissue with scattered areas of fleshlike tissue that bleeds.

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Osteosarcomas

Front 29

A type of bone cancer that primarily affects the cartilage cells of the femur, arm, pelvis, knee, and spine. May be inherited. Symptoms: large mass on effected bone; felling of pressure around the mass; pain that is worse at night; pain that isn't relieved through rest; pain that may be present for years but increases gradually over time.

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Chodrosarcomas

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a fatty cancerous tumor that grows in deep connective tissue spaces--primarily behind the knee (popliteal space), in the medial thigh, behind the digestive organs (retroperitoneal region), and in the shoulder area. very rare

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liposarcoma

Front 31

Uncommon, malignant neoplasms that grow rapidly, arising from cells derived from vessels. More frequent in skin and soft tissue but may occur in any region of the body, including the liver, breast, spleen, bone, or heart. High mortality rate;

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Angiosarcomas

Front 32

malignant tumors of blood vessels are

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hemangiosarcomas

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malignant tumors of lymph vessels are

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lymphangiosarcomas

Front 34

large, destructive infiltrating malignant tumors consisting of fibrous tissue. They most often occur in the extremities.

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Fibrosarcomas

Front 35

A malignant tumor that results from a mutation during lymphocyte production.

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Lymphomas

Front 36

what are the two main types of cancer of the Lymphatic system?

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Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Front 37

Painless swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck, axillary space, or groin; swelling in the legs or ankles; abdominal discomfort/ bleeding; fever; weight loss; night sweats; chills; lack of energy; and itching are symptoms of

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lymphoma

Front 38

a rare, fast-growing, malignant tumor that accounts for over half of the soft tissue sarcomas in children. Most common in the head, neck, urogenital tract, and the extremities. Lacks symptoms until it gets worse. tumor of striated or skeletal muscle tissue.

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Rhabdomyosarcomas

Front 39

a malignant neoplasm of smooth muscle that commonly metastasizes to the lungs, although (these types) are more likely to spread to the liver. most common sites are the uterus and the stomach. Most of the time you don't know you have it until it metastasizes.

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Leiomyosarcomas

Front 40

A form of brain cancer that arises from supporting cells in the brain called glial cells. Three types: astrocytomas, ependymomas, and oligodendrogliomas.

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Gliomas

Front 41

_____ are characterized by headaches, vomiting, visual impairment, changes in mood, behavior, and personality; paralysis and problems with coordination, speech, and memory

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Gliomas (characteristics)

Front 42

a sac within or on the surface containing air or fluid, although a cyst may also be defined as a closed pocket or pouch of tissue that can be filled with air, fluid, pus, or other material.

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Cysts

Front 43

What are the two most common forms of cysts?

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ovarian cysts and sebaceous cysts

Front 44

a fluid filled sac that develops in the ovary and consists of one or more chambers. Not malignant; however, they may have to be removed because of twisting of part of the ovary, which may lead to gangrene. Frequently occur and resolve without treatment during women's menstrual cycle.

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Ovarian cyst

Front 45

A closed sac found just under the skin containing a cheeselike material formed from skin secretions. (3 types: epidermal cysts, keratin cysts, or epidermoid cysts); product of swollen hair follicles or trauma to the skin. May be accompanied by a redness and a grayish white, cheesy, foul smelling material that drains from the cyst.

Back 45

Sebacious cyst

Front 46

Emaciation, dehydration, Cachexia ( a severe form of malnutrition), discoloration, hemorrhage, tissue deformation, and extravascular obstruction are common

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postmortem conditions associated with neoplasms

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the state of being extremely lean

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emaciation

Front 48

A glioma, a melanoma, and a lymphoma are ____ tumors ending in -oma

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malignant

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the enlargement of an organ/part due to the increase in size of cells composing it.

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hypertrophy

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the increase in size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in the number of its cells

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hyperplasia

Front 51

replacement of one type of tissues into a form that isn't normally found there.

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Metaplasia