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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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*Neurological deficits separated in time; white matter deficits separated by space
* Women to men 2:1 * Brown glassy plaques *Optic neuritis, CSF oligoclonal bands, motor/sensor loss of trunk, ataxia, incontinence |
MS
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"Asian MS"
* Plaques are more destructive than MS * Marked spinal destruction |
Delvic disease/ neuromyelitis optica
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"Young MS"
* Fuliment course w/in months |
Marburg form
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* Headache, Lethargy, Coma
* Loss of myelin with relative sparing of axons * Greyish discoloration around white matter vessels * Lipid laden macrophages * Recent viral infection |
ADEM
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* Symptoms similar to ADEM but more aggressive
* Disseminated necrosis of gray and white matter with hemorrhage *Recent URI |
ANEM
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* Pontine lesion
* Demyelination in symmetrical pattern * Alcoholism, liver destruction, severe electrolyte imbalance * Rapid onset quadriplegia |
Central pontine myelinolysis
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Symmetrical demyelinatin in fibers of the corpus callosum
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Marchiafava bignami disease
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*Neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid angiopathy, neuritic plaques
*Aβ40 and Aβ42 *Memory loss/personality changes that progresses to immobile unresponsive state * Hirano bodies, B secretase, and γ secretase |
Alzheimer's Disease
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* Association with defects on chromosome 21
* Increased prensenilens * Mutation of ApoE gene on chromosome 19 |
Familial AD
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* Accumulation of 4 repeat and 3 repeat Tau
* Atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes * Possible Nigral loss |
frontal/temporal degeneration with parkinsonism
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*Frontal and temporal lobe atrophy
*Atrophy= Knife edge appearance * Behavioral changes progressing to cognitive changes * Cytoplasmic oval, weakly basophilic, inclusions that stain strongly with silver * Neuronal loss in outer 3 layers of cortex * Tangles with 3repeat Tau |
Pick Disease
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*trunca rigidity, nuchal dystonia, dysequilibrium
* psuedobulbar palsy * difficulty in speech * ocular disturbances * mild progressive dementia * 5th/ 6th decade * Neuronal loss in subcortical regions |
Progressive supranuclear palsy
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* Balloon neurons in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, basal ganglia, and cortical cells
* Loss of pigmentation of ceruleas and substantia * Asymmetric motor disturbances, sensory cortical dysfunction * Pyrmidal rigidity and cognitive decline |
Corticobasal degeneration
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Chorea, rigidity, postural changes
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disorders of the basal ganglia
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