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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypospadias
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abnormal uretheral openings on the ventral surface of the penis
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epispadias
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abrnormal uretheral openings ont he dorsal surface of the penis
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hypospadias and epispadias are most commonly associated with
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failure of normal descent of testes, urinary tract obstruction and increased risk of ascending UTI's
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phimosis
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when the orfice of the prepuce is too small to permit its normal retraction the condition is designated phimosis
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the most common specific infections of the penis include
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Syphilis, gonorrhea, chancroid, granuloma inguinale, lymphopathia venerea, genital herpes
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the most frequent neoplasms of the penis are
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squamous cell carcinoma
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list three carcinoma in situ lesions of the penis
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Bowen disease, erthyroplasia of Queyrat and bowenoid papulosis
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Synorchism
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fusion of the testes
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Cryptrochidism
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incomplete descent of the testes
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nine causes of testicular atrophy
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progressive atherosclerotic narrowing of the blood supply in old age, end stage inflammatory orchitis, cyrptorchidism, hypopituitarism, generalized malnutrition of cachexia, obstruction of semen, irradiation, prolonged administration of female sex hormones
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inflammatory states which typically arise in the epididymis include
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Gonorrhea and tuberculosis
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Syphilis
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first affects the testes
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tumors of testes are divided into what two catargories
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seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors
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the vast majority of neoplasms of the testes arise from what cells
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Germ cells
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Germ cell tumors of the testes have their peak incidence between
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15-34 years of age
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name some predisposing influences that may cause germ cell tumors
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cyrptorchidism, genetic factors, testicular dysgensis
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the most common type of germ cell tumor of the testes is
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Seminoma
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3 histologic variants and give their relative frequencies
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typical 85% anaplastic 5-10% and spermatocytic 4-6%
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seminomas are usually most responsive to what type of adjuvant therapy
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radiotherapy
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the second most common germ cell tumor of the testes is
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Embryonal carcinoma
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yolk sac tumor
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infantile embryonal carcinoma or endodermal sinus tumor it is most common in infants and children up to 3yrs. adult form is rare
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choriocarcinoma
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usually small palable nodule which often has outgrown its blood supply such that primary focus is replaced by small fibrous scar
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teratomoa
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usually large ranging from 5-10cm in diameter, heterogneous with solid cartilaginous and cystic areas
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the most common testicular tumor in men over 60yrs of age
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Lymphoma
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hydrocele
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clear serous fluid, with considerable enlargement of the scrotal sac
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hematocele
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blood in tunica vaginalis
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spermatocele
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small cystic accumulation of semen in spermatic cord
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variocele
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dialted vein in spermatic cord
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normal adult prostate weight
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20g
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acute bacterial prostatis
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acute focal or diffuse suppurative inflammation int he prostatic substance
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chronic bacterial prostatis
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recurrent urinary tract infections cuased by same organisms that cause acute prostatis
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chronic abacterial prostatis
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most common form of prostatis indistinguishable from chronic bacterial prostatis
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list two secondary effects of nodular hyperplasia
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compression of the urethra with difficulty in urination retention of the urine in the bladder with subsequent distention and hypertrophy of the bladder
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carcinoma of prostate
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most common form of carcinoma in men predominatly in those over 50.
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the most common form of bony metastases from prostate cancer are
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osteoblastic lesions
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treatment of patients with prostate cancer
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treated by surgery, radiotherapy and hormonal manipulation
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