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52 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what are the trace minerals
fluoride
iron
zinc
copper
Increases tooth mineralization and bone density
fluoride
absorbed through GI, enters
bloodstream and either deposited in bones and developing teeth, or excreted in urine
fluoride
Consumed fluoride secreted via ?
saliva
After tooth eruption, ? not involved systemically in tooth formation
fluoride
primary way to impart fluoride protection
topical
what percent of population has fluoridated water?
2/3
what do supplements provide fluoride as?
sodium fluoride
too much fluoride is called ?
dental fluorosis
what impairs iron absorption?
phytates
2 factors that determine iron absorption
state of Fe
state of activity of RBC's in marrow
symptoms are weakness, fatigue, headaches
anemia
zinc deficiency could lead to ?
dwarfism
late sexual maturation
Regulates thyroid hormone and is a component of an enzyme that defends against oxidation; works with Vitamin E
selenium
Key factor in hemoglobin formation; assists iron
• Part of enzymes that involve oxygen or oxidation
copper
Enhances activity of insulin; helps maintain glucose homeostasis
• Deficiency causes a diabetes-like condition
chromium
A study of the etiology and the pathogenesis of the disease known as Dental Caries
cariology
An infectious disease resulting in destruction of tooth structure by acid forming bacteria found in dental plaque in the presence of sugar.
dental caries
4 things needed for caries to occur
host (teeth)
flora (bacteria)
Diet (carbohydrates)
saliva
An infection of multiple species of bacteria which metabolize carbohydrates
dental caries
? causes a loss of tooth structure and a loss of teeth
caries
demineralized dentin

remineralized dentin
dentinal caries

sclerotic reaction
When dentinal demineralization is within ? of the pulp, a pulpal inflammatory reaction may be seen
1 mm
located Occlusal (pit and fissure) and Smooth surfaces (interproximal)
coronal caries
Mostly in areas of gingival recession on facial and lingual root surfaces
root (cementum) caries
Predominantly seen in older people
• Different bacteria believed to cause root caries than enamel caries.
• Now occurs most frequently on the buccal and lingual surfaces where the gingiva has receded.
caries of cementum
The study of health and disease states and the effect of extrinsic factors and intrinsic factors on these states
epidemiology
extrinsic factors
nutrition
climate
lifestyle
intrinsic factors
age
gender
heredity
a medical scientist who studies the transmission and control of epidemic diseases
epidemiologist
Refers to the number of persons or the proportion of a population afflicted by a disease or condition at time of examination.
prevalence
Refers to the numbers of persons or the proportion of a population developing disease in a specified interval of time, usually a year.
incidence
who has highest caries rate?
7-20 year olds
total loss of teeth
edentulous
Ten or more new carious lesions over a period of about a year
Involves surfaces of teeth that are ordinarily caries-free
Rapid and almost uncontrollable destruction of teeth
rampant caries
Dental Caries will be active in
the mouth ? lesions appear
before
measure the potential of at least one of the factors involved in the caries process
caries activity tests
primary factors in caries process

secondary
host
flora
substrate (diet)

saliva and time
Measures bacteria’s acid production
snyder test
commonly used test to check saliva
salivary flow test
salivary viscosity test
whats bad for salivary flow test?
viscosity?
decreased salivary flow

increased viscosity
may be the most accurate way, to date, of detecting existing caries by a laser
QLF
pH of saliva is measured and potential for caries is calculated
saliva Acid-Buffering capacity
Carbohydrates produce a lower pH and produce it longer in caries-susceptible individuals
dental plaque test
sugar retention correlated closely with caries
oral glucose clearance
daily production of saliva
700-800 mL per day
3 major salivary glands
parotid
sublingual
submandibular
Saliva’s final composition and pH strongly depends on the ?
flow rate
The pH of saliva from a healthy human is between ?
6.5 and 7.4
A subjective feeling of a sensation of oral dryness. An extreme dryness of the oral cavity caused by a number of conditions: radiation therapy, salivary stone(s), surgical removal of salivary gland(s), systemic diseases, and medications
xerostomia
what are the solids in saliva
proteins
electrolytes
A term based on objective measures of the production of saliva
hyposalivation