Patho Phys Disorders Of Scrotum

Front 1

Hydrocele

Back 1

excess of fluid collection between viceral and parietal layers of tunica vaginalis

Front 2

Hydrocele incidence

Back 2

infants:most of cases claose spontanteously before 1 yo

Front 3

Hydrocele causes

Back 3

congenital defect, secondary: to local injury, inflammation, infection, lymph obstruction, testicular tumor, radiation

Front 4

Hydrocele maifestation

Back 4

palpable cystic mass. diagnosed by , ultrasound

Front 5

Hematocele

Back 5

accumulation of blood in the tunica vaginalis due to abdominal surgery. scrotal trauma, bleeding disorder

Front 6

spermatocele

Back 6

sprem containing cyst at the end of the epididymis painless, rarely causes problem

Front 7

varicocele

Back 7

formation of varicosities in the pampiniform plexus

Front 8

varicocele manifestations

Back 8

heaviness in affected scrotum, palpitation, bag of worms. this one should be fixed surgically

Front 9

testicular torsion

Back 9

if not fixed can have necrosion of testicle. twisting of the spermatic cord. 2 types of torsion. Extra vaginal

Front 10

Extravaginal torsion

Back 10

twisting nerve, artery and tunica vaginis and testes

Front 11

intravaginal torsion

Back 11

just testis twisting

Front 12

epididymitis

Back 12

inflammation of the epididymis . causes bacteria, from std, prostitis, regular UTI

Front 13

epididymitis mainfestations

Back 13

pain, swellin, erythema, edema of th eoverlying scrotal skin,

Front 14

epididymitis lab test

Back 14

increase white cell, bacteriuria, pyuria (pus in urine)

Front 15

orchitis

Back 15

complication of UTI, cystitis systematice infection

Front 16

neoplasm scrotal cancer

Back 16

linked to soot, tar, oil, poor hygeine, chronic, inflammation, UV and papillomavirus

Front 17

testicular cancer

Back 17

15-35 years old is common age group

Front 18

testicular detection

Back 18

difficult to detect in early stage. cell palpation. manifestations, enlargement of the testicle with some degree of discomfort or aching

Front 19

testicular diagnosis

Back 19

self examination, transillumination, ultrasound, lab test: alpha fetoprotein, HCG, LDH

Front 20

prostatis manifestations

Back 20

high fever, chills, myalgia, arthalgia, frequent and urgent urination, dysuria, urethral discharge

Front 21

neoplasm scrotal cancer

Back 21

linked to soot, tar, oil, poor hygeine, chronic, inflammation, UV and papillomavirus

Front 22

testicular cancer

Back 22

15-35 years old is common age group

Front 23

testicular detection

Back 23

difficult to detect in early stage. cell palpation. manifestations, enlargement of the testicle with some degree of discomfort or aching

Front 24

testicular diagnosis

Back 24

self examination, transillumination, ultrasound, lab test: alpha fetoprotein, HCG, LDH

Front 25

prostatis manifestations

Back 25

high fever, chills, myalgia, arthalgia, frequent and urgent urination, dysuria, urethral discharge

Front 26

neoplasm scrotal cancer

Back 26

linked to soot, tar, oil, poor hygeine, chronic, inflammation, UV and papillomavirus

Front 27

testicular cancer

Back 27

15-35 years old is common age group

Front 28

testicular detection

Back 28

difficult to detect in early stage. cell palpation. manifestations, enlargement of the testicle with some degree of discomfort or aching

Front 29

testicular diagnosis

Back 29

self examination, transillumination, ultrasound, lab test: alpha fetoprotein, HCG, LDH

Front 30

prostatis manifestations

Back 30

high fever, chills, myalgia, arthalgia, frequent and urgent urination, dysuria, urethral discharge, dull aching pain in the perineum, rectum, massaging prostate will produce a discharge.

Front 31

prostatitis treatment

Back 31

respond well to antibiotic

Front 32

benign prostatic Hyperplasia

Back 32

increase in the number of the cell

Front 33

hyperplasia incidence

Back 33

51% of men between ages of 60-69

Front 34

hyperplasia pathology

Back 34

unknown... hormone imbalance

Front 35

hyperplasia manifestation

Back 35

related to compression of the urethra.. secondary to urethra compression: receurrent UTI, hypertrophy of UB, kidney infection, hydronephrosis

Front 36

vestible

Back 36

area between the labia minora

Front 37

skene's gland

Back 37

sweat gland

Front 38

uterus ligaments

Back 38

broad, round, uterosacral and cardinal ligaments

Front 39

3 layers of uterus

Back 39

perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Front 40

ovaries

Back 40

full development at 3rd month of fetal life

Front 41

Progesterone

Back 41

thermogenic hormone. That's why PMS happens.. Because you have more progesterone in the second half of mens.

Front 42

Estrogen

Back 42

Produced by the ovary and the adrenal gland

Front 43

Estrogen functions

Back 43

promote development of secondary female characteristics, reproduction process, development of typical female body contours, decrease bone resorption, increase HDL, reduce LDL, enhance coagulability of blood, cause moderate retention of sodium and water

Front 44

progesterone functions

Back 44

largely secreted by the corpus luteum, glandular development of the breast and endometrium, relax smooth muscle

Front 45

puberty

Back 45

FSH is released, enlargement of the ovaries