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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
patho of blue sclera
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defective collagen allow reflection of underlying choroidal veins
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genetics achondroplasia
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AD
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patho of achondroplasia
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mutation in FGF-R gene -> impaired prolif cartilage at growth plate
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norm head/axial skeleton w/ short arms & legs; norm GH
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achondroplasia
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genetics osteopetrosis
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AR
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Sx osteopetrosis 3
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patho Fx, anemia, cranial nerve compression
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osteomyelitis usu spread by
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hematogenous
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most common pathogen of osteomyelitis
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staph aureus
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osteomyelitis in sickle cell pt
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salmonella
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TB osteomyelitis usu involve
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vertebral column (Pott's dz)
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punctured foot thru rubber footwear
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p. aeruginosa osteomyelitis
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devitalized bone
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sequestra
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reactive bone formation in periosteum
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involucrum
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draining sinus is risk factor for
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SCC
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osteoperosis is loss of
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mineralized bone & organic bone
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most common Fx of osteoperosis
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vertebral column compression
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most common site asceptic bone necrosis
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femoral head
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most common cause aseptic bone necrosis
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corticosteroids
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most common Fx bone in wrist
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scaphoid
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asceptic necrosis of ossification centers in children
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osteochondrosis
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asceptic necrosis of femoral head in 5 y/o boy
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Legg-Calve-Perthes dz
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asceptic necrosis of artiuclar epiphysis
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osteochondritis dessicans
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most frequent site of osteochodnritis dessicans
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lat surface of medial femoral condyle
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painful swelling of tibial tuberosity in boys
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Osgood-Schlatter dz
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Paget's dz is osteoblastic or osteoclastic
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osteoclastic then osteoblastic (inc ALP)
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Paget's dz is risk factor for 3
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Fx, osteogenic sarcoma, high output heart failure
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most common sites fibrous dysplasia 3
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ribs > femur > tibia/facial bones
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polyostotic bone, café au lait spots, precocious puberty
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Albright's syndrome
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2 CA assoc w/ fibrous dysplasia
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osteogenic sarcoma,
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most common benign bone tumor
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osteochondroma
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giant cell tumor usu inv 2
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distal femur epiphysis, prox tibia
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osteoma usu inv
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face
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enchondroma usu inv
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small tubular bones of hands, feet
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osteoid osteoma usu inv
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prox femor
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osteoblastoma inv
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vertebrae
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chondrosarcoma usu inv
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pelvic bones, prox femur
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osteogenic sarcoma usu inv
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distal femur/prox tibia
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ewing's sarcoma usu inv
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pelvic girdle, rib
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bone pain at night relieved by aspirin
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osteoid osteoma
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tumor lifting periosteum
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Codman's triangle, osteogenic sarcoma
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onionskining around bone
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Ewing's sarcoma
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negative birefringence means
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yellow when parallel; blue when perpedicular
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MSU crystals are 2
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needle-shaped, neg birefringence
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morning stiffness indicates
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infl joint dz, osteoarthritis (inactivity)
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joint crepitus indicate
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osteoarthrits
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common sites of osteoarthritis 4
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femoral head, knee, hands, cervical/lumbar spine
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ochronosis genetics
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AR
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ochronsis patho
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def homogentisic acid
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osteophytes at joint margins
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osteoarthrits
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pain in DIP & PIP
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osteoarthrits
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pain in MCP and PIP
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RA
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loss of priopioception & deep sensation leading to recurrent trauma
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Charcot's joint
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causes of Charcot's joint 3
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DM, syringomyelia, tabes dorsalis
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RA assoc w/ HLA
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HLA-DR4
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RA which type of HSR
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Type 3 & 4 HSR
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chronic synovitis with pannus formation
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RA
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joint fibrosis leading to fusion
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RA
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DIP flexion + PIP extension
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swan-neck deformity; RA
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DIP extension + PIP flexion
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boutoneire deformity; RA
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RA assoc lung dz 3
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interstitial fibrosis, effusions, Caplan syndrome
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RA assoc heme dz 3
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anemia chronic dz, Felty's syndrome, AIHA
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RA fx on cervical spine
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subluxation of atlantoaxial joint -> compress SC, vertebral artery
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RA assoc CVS dz 3
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pericarditis, aortitis, vasculitis
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popliteal cysts behind knee joint
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RA
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Ab of Sjorgren's syndrome 4
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ANA, RF, Ro (SSA), La (SSB)
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Sjogren's triad
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RA, dry mouth, dry eyes
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gout most often caused by
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undersecretion uric acid -> probenecid
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Dx acute gout require
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joint aspiration
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pseudogout inc incidence w/ 3
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hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis, 1o hyperPTH
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most common joint inv w/ pseudogout
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knee
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4 types seroneg spondyloarthropathies
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AS, Reiter's, psoriasis, enteropathic
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b/l sacroilitis w/ morn stiffness
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anklyosing spondylitis
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ankylosing spondylitis assoc w/ 2
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aortitis (aortic regurg), uveitis (blurry vision)
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Achilles periostis
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Reiter's syndrome
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sausage-shaped DIP
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psoriatic arthritis
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pencil-in-cup deformity
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psoriatic arthritis
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most common cause septic arthtritis
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n. gonorrhea
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erythema migrans + hemolytic anemia
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Babesiosis
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genetics of myotonic dystrophy
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AD; CTG repeats
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sustained grip w/ facial muscle weakness
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myotonic dystrophy
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MG initial findings 2
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ptosis, diplopia improving w/ rest
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shot that reverse MG Sx
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tensilon
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curative Tx of MG
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thymectomy
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hookline fingers from thickened plamar fascia
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Dupuytren's contracture; fibromatosis
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fibromatosis of ant abd wall
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desmoid tumor
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unhappy triad
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damge to medial meniscus, MCL, ACL
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tumor in thigh, upper limb after irradiation
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fibrosarcoma
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red nodule that umbilicates when squeezed
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dermatofibroma
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synovial sarcoma arises from
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mesenchymal cells around joint, not synoviocytes
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falling on outstretched hand
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Colles Fx; distal radius
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pain/weakness w/ active shoulder abduction
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rotator cuff tear
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lat epidoncylitis
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tennis elbow
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medial epicondylitis
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golfer's elbow
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pain when gripping something
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tennis elbow
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pain when flexing hand muscles + supinating arm
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golfer's elbow
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tenosynovitis of thumb
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DeQuervain's tenosynovitis
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bulge on dorsum of wrist when flexed
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ganglion cysts
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lateral curvature of spine
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scoliosis
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herniation of L3/L4
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loss of knee jerk reflex
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herniation of L5/S1
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loss of ankle reflex
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