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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Breast Cancer
Risk factors |
Incidence increases with age
First degree relative with breast cancer Hereditary (5-10% of breast cancers) Prior breast cancer Long length of reproductive life Nulliparity Obesity Exogenous estrogens Proliferative fibrocystic changes (esp. atypical hyperplasia) |
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Breast Cancer
Pathogenesis |
MC CA in females (1 in 9)
2nd MC cause of CA death US > Japan Incidence is increasing but mortality is decreasing (mammography) |
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Breast Cancer
Manifestations |
often asymptomatic @ 1st
painless mass - 1st symptom mammogram - shows calcification/distortion nipple retraction / skin dimpling fixation to chest wall MC area - upper outer quadrant |
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Cervical Cancer
Risk Factors (7) |
early age of 1st intercourse
multiple sex partners multiple pregnancies immunosuppression oral contraceptive use smoking sexually transmitted diseases |
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Cervical Cancer
Pathogenesis (2) |
3rd MC malignant female genital tumor in US
Peak incidence in the 40's |
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Cervical Cancer
Manifestations (4) |
Asymptomatic
Dyspareunia Postcoital vaginal bleeding Malodorous discharge |
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Endometrial Cancer
Risk factors (11) |
Early menarche
Late menopause Nulliparity Obesity HTN Chronic anovulation Estrogen-producing ovarian tumors Estrogen replacement therapy without progestin Tamoxifen (treatment of breast CA) Endometrial hyperplasia (complex atypical) Lynch syndrome: colon, endometrial and ovarian CA's |
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Endometrial Cancer
Pathogenesis |
MC malignant tumor of genital tract
Peak age 55-65 MC in postmenopausal women |
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Endometrial Cancer
Manifestations |
postmenopausal vaginal bleeding
lower abdominal pain |
