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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the largest viceral organ in the body?
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*Liver
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Where does the liver recieve blood from?
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*Hepatic Artery from abdominal aorta
*Portal Vein from stomach, small and large intestine, spleen, and pancreas |
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How much blood does the hepatic artery supply to the liver?
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*300ml/per min
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How much blood does the portal vein supply to the liver?
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*1050ml/min
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What are kuppfer cells function?
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*Phaygocytosis
*Removes enteric bacilli |
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What does the liver use as fuel and why?
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*Fats
*Because the liver has everything it needs to metabolize fats for whatevery it needs to do as far as metabolism goes |
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What does the brain use for fuel?
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*Sugar
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Which vessel that supplies blood to the liver is valveless?
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*Portal vein
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What is glycogenesis?
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*Metabolism of glucose to glucogen for storage
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Function of liver and bile system
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*Glycogenesis
*Reverse glycogenesis *Demaination *Convert carbohydrates and proteins to fats *Oxidize fatty acids *Drug & hormone metabolism *Bile secretion *Fatty acid uptake from fat stores in the body *Bilirubin excretion |
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What is glycogenolysis?
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*Reverse reaction of glycogenesis
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When would someone use glycogenolysis?
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*With an excess of glucose
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What is deamination?
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*Removal of amino-acids
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What is gluconeogenesis?
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*Liver using protein as a substrate to synthesize glucose when there is not enought glucose present---like if not eating
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What does deamination of proteins form?
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*Urea
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When does the liver convert carbohydrates & proteins to fats and why?
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*For storage in adipose tissue when glycogen storage capacity is met
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What does the liver oxidize fatty acids to & why?
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*Acetyl CoA
*For ATP production *To build bile salts, cholesterol and steroids |
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What does the liver do with drugs and hormones?
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*Detoxification of drugs, chemicals, and biologic toxins using a metabolic pathway
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What actually demulsifies fat?
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*Bile
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How much bile secretion is normal?
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*600-1,200 ml/d
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Characteristics of Bile
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*Alkaline
*Yellow-green fluid *Important in digestion |
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Two major bile salts
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*Cholic
*Chenodeoxycholic acid |
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Function of Cholic and Chenodeoxycholic acid bile salts
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*Emulsify fats
*Absorb products of fat digestion *Fat-soluble transport vitamin transport to surface of intestinal mucosa for absorbtion |
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Products of fat digestion in the liver
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*Fatty acids
*Monoglycerides |
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What are the functional unit of the liver calle and how many are there?
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*Lobules
*50-100K |
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Where does the blood from the liver go?
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*Lobules are arranged around a central vein which empty into the hepatic vein and then into the vena cava
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What does the liver with the fatty acids from the fat stores in the body?
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*Fatty acid uptake
*1/2 converts to lipoprotein for blood transport back to adipose tissue *other 1/2 is for cholesterol synthesis which is steroid and bile salts precursor |
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Normal serum Bilirubin level?
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*0.1-1.2mg/dl
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Where does bilirubin come from?
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*Toxic product of hemoglobin degradation
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What things are direct hepatotoxins?
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*Acetominophen
*Isoniazide *Phenytoin (Dilantin) *Carbon tetrachloride *Toluene |
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What does toluene do to the body?
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*Shrink cerebellum
*Gang Green fingers and toes r/t coagulation *All related to hepatotoxicity |
