Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what are prions
|
modified host proteins with no nucleic acids
|
|
|
what can prions cause
|
spongiform encephalophaties
progressive dementia with death within a year |
|
|
can prions be normal
|
yes coded on chromosome 20
|
|
|
what do patholgoic prions do
|
convert normal proteins to abnormal proteins by serving a s a template in the folding of the proteins
|
|
|
what can fungi cause
|
athelte's foot
jock rot ringworm |
|
|
why is athlete's foot hard to treat
|
eukaryotic
|
|
|
what species causes fungal infections
|
trichophyton
|
|
|
what does coccidiodes immitis cause
|
valley fever causes fever and pneumonia and rarely brian lesions
|
|
|
what does histoplasmosis capsulatum cause
|
ohio river valley histoplasmosis
cough fever hilar lymph node enlargement of lungs |
|
|
what the flea causes
|
plague
|
|
|
what ticks cause
|
lymes rocky moutnain tularemia relapsing fever
|
|
|
waht lice cause
|
tyhpus
|
|
|
what mosquitoes cause
|
malaria yellow fever dengue fever encephalitis
|
|
|
what is the most sever form of malaria
|
p falciparum
|
|
|
how often does malaria reproduce
|
48 hours
|
|
|
what are the five rashes seen in small pox
|
macular
papular vesicular pustular scab |
|
|
what is the virus that causes smallpox
|
variola a large DNA virus
|
|
|
what are the two types of variola
|
major and minor major is the major cuase
|
|
|
how does te smallpox infection work
|
multiplies in the mucosal epitheiulm an dhten in regional ymph nodes
viremia spreads to liver psleen and lungs 2nd viremia virus to skin, multiplies in epidermal cells rash is hemorrhagic or conflunet focal necrosis of liver kidney adrenal |
|
|
how does the smallpox vaccine owrk
|
lesions from calves or sheep
one percent phenol forty percent glycerin |
|
|
what are the complcations to the smallpox vaccine
|
eczema
generalized vaccinia psotvaccinal encephalitis |
|
|
what disease does consumption refer to
|
tB
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of TB
|
night sweats
fever weight loss anorexia weakness |
|
|
what do mycobacteria look like
|
slender rod shaped obligate aerobs with high lipi cell wall
|
|
|
why is TB so resistant
|
fatty cell wall
resist phagocytosis resist complement and free radicals |
|
|
how could you inhale TB
|
tubercle bacilli
|
|
|
what is primary TB
|
lesions in the lungs and lymp nodes draining the lugns in the mediastinal region
walled off |
|
|
what is secondary TB
|
infection reemberges in the apical area of the lungs
small lesions infiltrate to large vaitatiopns may spread to lymph pleura genitourinary tract bones joints meninges |
|
|
what anitbiotics treat TB
|
isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ehtambutol
|
|
|
how do you usually get anthrax
|
quadripeds
|
|
|
what are the types of anthrax
|
inhalational antrhax
cutaneous anthrax gastointestinal anthrax |
|
|
what is the most common case of anthrax
|
cutaneous
|
|
|
what are the symptoms of anthrax
|
fever cough cest pain muscle ache
hypotension shortness of breath cyanosis |
|
|
what would you see in a chest xray of anthrax
|
bleeding int he chest at the mediastinum s shadow
|
|
|
why is treatment not successful for anthrax
|
usually die in 24 hours so diagnosis is too late
|
|
|
what is characteristic scab of anthrax
|
black scab
|
|
|
what does the bacti for anthrax look like
|
large gram positive rod forms spores
|
|
|
what factors are released by anthrax
|
edema and lethal factor
|
|
|
how do you treat anthrax
|
penicillin
fluid support |
|
|
what is the ebola virus like
|
fever
severe heaache malaise muscle ache nausea vomiting severe diarrhea chest pain cough decreased mental alertness |
|
|
what are other symptoms of the ebola virus
|
macular rash
bleeding from mucosla tissue into skin |
|
|
what does the ebola virus look like
|
single stranded RNA
|
|
|
what is the pathogensis of ebola virus
|
replicates well in all cells including endothelial cells macrophages parenchymal cells of multiple organs
virus causes cell necrosis high levels of cytokines blocks the effects of interferon |
|
|
what does the plague look like
|
gran negative coccus
|
|
|
why is it significant that the plague is facultative anaerobe
|
means that they can block blood vessels
|
|
|
how is the plague transmitted
|
fleas
get intestinnal block increases flea's huger regurgitates into wound |
|
|
what are three categories of worms
|
flatworms
thorny headed worms roundworms or nematodes |
|
|
what is included i flatworms
|
trematodes (flukes) and cestodes (tapeworms)
|
|
|
what do thronyheaded worms infect
|
GI tract
|
|
|
where can adult nematodes or roundworms reside
|
GI blood lymphatic
|
|
|
adult worms =
|
ascaris
|
|
|
immature worms =
|
toxocara canis
|
|
|
larval worms =
|
echinococcus
|
|
|
can ascaris worms multiply in humans?
|
no
|
|
|
what are teh positive cocci
|
staph aures
stap epidermidis strep pyogenes stre pneu |
|
|
what are the positive bacilli
|
corny deip
c perfringens c tetani c botulinum b anthracis |
|
|
what are the negative cocci
|
n meningitides
n gonorrhoeae |
|
|
what are the negative bacilli
|
b pertussis
e coli h flu salmonella shigella vibrio cholera y pestis |
|
|
what is the T cell count for AIDS
|
<200/ml
|
