Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
cyanide
|
-INTRAcellular asphyxia
-inactivates cytochrome oxidase |
|
|
Actinomycin B
|
-Inhibits RNA polymerase--> blocks RNA & protein synthesis
|
|
|
Clostridium perfringens
|
-produces lecithinases--> attack cell membrane--> injury & death
|
|
|
Mercuric chloride
|
-binds sulfhydryl groups of cell membranes--> increases membrane permeability & inhibits ATPase-dependent transport
|
|
|
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) & acetaminophen (Tylenol)
|
-conversion to reactive toxic metabolites Cl. or CCL3. by P450 mixed function oxidases--> shift double bonds of polyunsat FA's--> peroxidation of lipids
-direct covalent binding of metabolites to cell constituents -generation of free radicals Cl. and CCl3. -CCl4 decreases synthesis of lipid acceptor proteins |
|
|
alcohol & other hepatotoxins
|
fatty change (steatosis)
|
|
|
ischemia & hypoxia
|
multifactorial prod'n of cell injury & death
|
|
|
Pathogenesis of Fatty Liver
|
1) excessive influx of FA's (starv'n)
2) decreased metabolism of FA's, including impaired mito oxid'n (alcohol, hypoxia/ischemia) 3) increased esterific'n of FA's--> TGs (Starv'n, alcohol) 4) decreased apoprot synthesis due to impaired microsomal f'n (alcohol, CCl4, protein malnutrition) 5) impaired couplig of lipid w/ protein (alcohol) 6) impaired lipoprot. secr'n from liver (alcohol) |
|
|
mechanisms of membrane injury
|
1) degradation of membrane PLs
2) toxic effects of lipid degrad'n products 3) cytoskeletal damage 4) free radical effects (particularly upon reoxygenation or reperfusion) |
|
|
enzymes inhibited due to lactic acid buildup during ischemia
|
1) PFK
2) PK-- phosphorylase kinase 3) G-3-P dehydrogenase 4) hexokinase 5) carnitine palmityl coenzyme A transferase 6) adenine nucleotire translocase |
