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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common congenital deficiency?
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IgA
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What cell in the mucosal surface does Hiv enter?
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Dentritic cells
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What mode of trans. (HIV) Is MC for peds.?
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Vertical transmission
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What are the 2 proteins found on the HIV envelope?
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gp120 and gp40
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What does the HIV virus core contain?
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gp24, RNA and enzymes
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what are the 2 coreceptors neede for HIV entry?
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CCR-5 and CXCR4
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What protein is needed for penetration?
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gp41
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What are the results of HIV infection
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T cell depletion and loss of helper cells
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Once inside host what happens to virus?
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Reverse transcriptaseconverts RNA to ds DNA-> integrated into cell
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What is the characteristic of acute phase HIV?
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Viremia, seeding of lymphoid tissue and temporary fall in CD4+ count. Control of viral replication by CD8 T cells
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What is the significance of the falling CD4+ cell counts in HIV positive patients?
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HIV infection is stratified into three clinical categories: CD4+ cells > 500 /ul
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What occurs in final phase HIV ?
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Non- AIDS defining infections, thrombocytopenia. Fever, weight loss, diarrhea.
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MC AIDS defining infection
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P. carinii pneumonia
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MC AIDS defining malignancies?
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Karposis sarcoma
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What is a CNS lymphoma?
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B- cell neoplasms associated with EBV reaction in immunosuppresed population.
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What are some of the opportunistic infections?
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MAI, M. kankassi, M. tuberculosis, recurrent pneumonia, salmonella
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How would MAI differ from cryptosporidium?
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Cryptosporidium is not invasive. The organisms attach to the superficial portion of the intestinal epithelium. MAI are found in histocytes in the lamina propria and submucosa
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What is the most common overall fungal infection in AIDS?
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candidiasis
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Most common CNS fungal infection in HIV/ AIDS?
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cryptococcosis
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What is the name of the stain that high-lights myelin?
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Luxol stain- stain myelin blue
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What causes progressive multifocal encephalopathy?
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Papovavirus that infects oligodendrolia.
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MCC of focal space occupiying lesions in AIDS?
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Toxoplamasmosis
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What is the most common pathogen in diarrhea?
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cryptosporidiosis
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Where are bradysoites found?
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Cyst
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What is the screening test used in AIDS testing?
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ELISA detects anti gp120 in 6-10 weeks
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If results from ELISA are + or indeterminate what is used?
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Wester blot
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What is the p24 antigen?
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Indicator of active viral replication
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What is the test used to determine viral load?
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HIV RNA by PCR
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