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222 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is a compartment?
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a group of muscles that share a common nerve, blood vessel, and common action
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flexor digiti minimi brevis action?
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flexor digiti minimi brevis action?
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anterior compartments are made up of flexors or extensors?
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flexors
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extensors are located in which compartment?
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posterior compartment
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what type of joint is the elbow?
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hinge
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flexor pollicis longus origin?
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anterior surface of radius
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where are the pronators located and what are theyre names?
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located in the forearm.
pronator teres pronator quadratus |
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when u twist a corkscrew or turn a screw driver what muscle are you using?
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supinator
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palmaris longus origin?
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palmaris longus origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus |
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abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, and extensor indicis are all part of what compartment
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deep posterior compartment
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name the thenar muscles
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abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis flexor pollicis brevis adductor pollicis |
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flexor pollicis longus insertion?
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base of distal phalanx of thumb
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name the hypothenar muscles
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abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi brevis opponens digiti minimi |
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muscles of the hand and digits that adduct are located on the ulnar side or the radial side?
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ulnar side
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both longus muscles abduct the wrist T/F
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true
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thenar means?
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meaty palm of thumb
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hypothenar means?
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pinky side
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flexor pollicis longus action?
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flexes distal phalanx of thumb
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do extensor muscles extend or flex?
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they extend
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flexor digitorum profundus origin?
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flexor digitorum profundus origin?
anterior medial surface of ulna |
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abductor digiti minimi action?
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abductor digiti minimi action?
abducts and flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint |
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flexor carpi radialis origin?
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flexor carpi radialis origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus |
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flexor digitorum profundus insertion?>
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base of distal phalanx of each finger
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flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion?
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flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion?
medial side of proximal phalanx of little finger |
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extensor carpi ulnaris action?
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extensor carpi ulnaris action?
extends and adducts hand at wrist joint |
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flexor digitorum profundus action?
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flexor digitorum profundus action?
flexion of all phalanges |
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flexor carpi radialis insertion?
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flexor carpi radialis origin?
second and third metacarpals |
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extensor carpi radialis origin?
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lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
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extensor pollicis longus origin?
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extensor pollicis longus origin?
posterior surface of middle ulna |
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extensor carpi radialis insertion?
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extensor carpi radialis insertion?
wrist |
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flexor carpi radialis action?
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flexes and abducts hand (radial deviation) at wrist
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extensor carpi radialis action?
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extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
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name the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm
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flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum superficialis |
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flexor carpi radialis innervation?
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flexor carpi radialis innervation?
median nerve |
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extensor pollicis longus insertion?
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extensor pollicis longus insertion?
base of distal phalanx of thumb |
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abductor pollicis brevis action?
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abductor pollicis brevis action?
abducts thumb |
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palmaris longus origin?
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palmaris longus origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus |
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extensor pollicis brevis action?
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extensor pollicis brevis action?
extends the thumb and extends the hand at the wrist |
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palmaris longus insertion?
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flexor carpi radialis insertion?
flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis (deep fascia in center of palm) |
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opponens pollicis action?
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opponens pollicis action
moves thumb across palm to meet little finger opposition |
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extensor pollicis longus action?
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extensor pollicis longus action?
extends distal phalanx of thumb and abducts hand at wrist |
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palmaris longus action?
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palmaris longus action?
weakly flexes hand at wrist joint |
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palmaris longus insertion?
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palmaris longus insertion?
flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis |
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palmaris longus innervation?
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palmaris longus innervation?
median nerve |
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exensor indicis origin?
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exensor indicis origin?
posterior surface of ulna |
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flexor carpi ulnaris origin?
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flexor carpi ulnaris origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus and superior posterior border of ulna |
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flexor carpi radialis action?
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flexor carpi radialis action?
flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist |
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flexor carpi ulnaris insertion?
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flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
pisiform hamate and base of fifth metacarpal |
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extensor indicis insertion?
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exensor indicis insertion?
index finger |
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origin of semispinalis cervicis
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transverse processes of superior 5 or 6 thoracic vertebrae
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abductor pollicis longus origin?
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abductor pollicis longus origin?
posterior surface of middle of radius and ulna |
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exensor indicis action?
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exensor indicis action?
extends distal and middle phalanges of index finger and extends hand at the wrist |
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flexor carpi radialis insertion?
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flexor carpi radialis insertion?
2nd and third metacarpals |
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name the muscle located on the posterior surface of the arm.
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the triceps brachii
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supinator origin?
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suppinator origin?
lateral epicondyle of humerus and ridge near radial notch of ulna (supinator crest). |
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what is called the "workhouse" of the elbow flexors?
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the brachialis
|
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abductor pollicis longus insertion?
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abductor pollicis longus insertion?
the thumb |
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the brachioradialis flexes the forearm at the elbow joint especially when _______ movement is required.
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quick movement
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flexor carpi radialis origin?
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flexor carpi radialis origin?
medial epicondyle of the humerus |
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is the triceps brachii a flexor or an extensor?
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the triceps brachii is an extensor
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flexor digitorum superficialis action?
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flexor digitorum superficialis action?
flexion of all digits |
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what is the most powerful of the extensor muscles?
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the tricps brachii is the most powerful of the extensors.
|
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abductor pollicis longus action?
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abductor pollicis longus action?
abduct and extend the thumb, abducts hand at wrist |
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the triceps brachii has three heads, name them.
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long head
lateral head medial head |
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supinator insertion?
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supinator insertion?
lateral surface of proximal one-third of radius |
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the origin is the infraglenoid tubercle - a projection inferior to glenoid cavity of the scapula...what muscle is this?
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the long head of the triceps brachii
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extensor pollicis brevis insertion?
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extensor pollicis brevis insertion?
base of proximal phalanx of the thumb |
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it inserts on the olecranon and superior portion of shaft of ulna...what muscle is this
|
the anconeus
|
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biceps brachii origin?
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biceps brachii origin?
long head originates from tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula short head originates from coracoid process of scapulae |
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name the forearm flexors that innervate the musculocutaneous nerve
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biceps brachii
brachialis |
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supinator action?
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supinator action?
supinates forearm at radioulnar joints |
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the origin is the lateral epicondyle of the humerus...name the muscle.
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the anconeus
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extensor pollicis brevis origin?
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extensor pollicis brevis origin?
posterior surface of middle of radius |
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flexor digitorum superficialis insertion?
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flexor digitorum superficialis insertion?
middle phalanx of each finger |
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extensor carpi radialis origin?
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extensor carpi radialis origin?
lateral epicondyle of humerus |
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biceps brachii insertion?
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biceps brachii insertion?
radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis |
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extensor carpi radialis action?
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extensor carpi radialis action?
extends and abducts the wrist |
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flexor digitorum superficialis origin
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flexor digitorum superficialis origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus |
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extensor digitorum origin?
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extensor digitorum origin?
lateral epicondyle of humerus |
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biceps brachii action?
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biceps brachii action?
flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates forearm at radioulnar joints, and flexes arm at shoulder joint |
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extensor digitorum insertion?
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extensor digitorum insertion?
distal and middle phalanges of each finger |
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flexor carpi ulnaris action?
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flexor carpi ulnaris action?
flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint |
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biceps brachii innervation?
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biceps brachii innervation?
musculocutaneous nerve |
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flexor carpi ulnaris insertion?
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flexor carpi ulnaris insertion?
carpal bones |
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brachialis origin?
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brachialis origin?
distal, anterior surface of humerus |
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flexor carpi ulnaris origin?
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flexor carpi ulnaris origin?
medial epicondyle of the humerus |
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brachialis insertion?
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brachialis insertion?
ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna |
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palmaris longus action?
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palmaris longus action?
weakly flexes hand at wrist |
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brachialis action?
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brachialis action?
flexes forearm at elbow joint |
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brachialis innervation?
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brachialis innervation?
musculocutaneous and radial nerves |
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brachioradialis origin?
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brachioradialis origin?
lateral border of distal end of humerus |
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brachioradialis insertion?
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brachioradialis insertion?
superior to styloid process of radius |
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brachioradialis action?
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brachioradialis action?
flexes forearm at elbow joint; supinates and pronates forearm at radioulnar joints to neutral position |
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brachioradialis innervation?
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brachioradialis innervation?
radial nerve |
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biceps brachii flexes the forearm at the elbow joint. T/F
|
true
|
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triceps brachii origin?
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triceps brachii origin?
long head; infraglenoid tubercle, a projection inferior to glenoid cavity of scapula. lateral head; lateral and posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove. medial head; entire posterior surface of humerus inferior to a groove for the radial nerve. |
|
the biceps brachii has two heads. T/F
|
true
long and short head |
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triceps brachii insertion?
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triceps brachii insertion?
olecranon of ulna |
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the biceps brachii flexes the arm at the shoulder joint. T/F
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true
|
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triceps brachii action?
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triceps brachii action?
extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint |
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the biceps brachii supinates the forearm...where?
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flexes the forearm at the radioulnar joint
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triceps brachii innervation?
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triceps brachii innervation?
radial nerve |
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what is the most powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint?
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the brachialis
|
|
anconeus origin?
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anconeus origin?
lateral epicondyle of humerus |
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anconeus insertion?
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anconeus insertion?
olecranon and superior portion of shaft of ulna |
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ancones action?
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ancones action?
extends forearm at elbow joint |
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ancones innervation?
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ancones innervation?
radial nerve |
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pronator teres origin?
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pronator teres origin?
medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna |
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pronator teres insertion?
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pronator teres insertion?
midlateral surface of radius |
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pronator teres action?
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pronator teres action?
pronates forearm at radioulnar joints and weakly flexes forearm at elbow joint. |
|
pronator teres innervation?
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pronator teres innervation?
median nerve |
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pronator quadratus origin?
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pronator quadratus origin?
distal portion fo shaft of ulna |
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pronator quadratus insertion?
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pronator quadratus insertion?
distal portion of shaft of radius |
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pronator quadratus action?
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pronator quadratus action?
pronates forearm at radioulnar joints |
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pronator quadratus innervation?
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pronator quadratus innervation?
median nerve |
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extensor carpi radialis insertion?
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extensor carpi radialis insertion?
wrist |
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extensor digitorum action?
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extensor digitorum action?
extends the hand at the wrist and extends the distal and middle phalanges |
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extensor digiti minimi insertion?
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extensor digiti minimi insertion?
inserts at the pinky finger |
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extensor digiti minimi origin?
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extensor digiti minimi origin?
lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
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extensor digiti minimi action?
|
extensor digiti minimi action?
extends proximal phalanx of little finger and extends hand at the wrist |
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extensor carpi ulnaris origin?
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extensor carpi ulnaris origin?
later epicondyle of the humerus |
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extensor carpi ulnaris insertion?
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extensor carpi ulnaris insertion?
wrist |
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name the splenius muscles
|
splenius captis, splenius cervicis
|
|
erector spinae consists of the following muscles
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iliocostalis muscles (lateral), longissmus muscles (intermediate), and spinalis muscles (medial)
|
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origin of splenius capitis
|
ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of 7th cervical vertebrae and the 1st three or 4 thoracic vertebra
|
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what are the iliocostalis groups muscles?
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iliocostalis cervicis, iliocostalis thoracis, and iliocostalis lumborum
|
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insertion of splenius capitis
|
occipital bone and mastoid process and temporal bone
|
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action of the iliocostalis cervicis
|
acting together- muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column of their respective regions.
acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column of their respective region. |
|
action of splenius cervicis
|
acting together - extend head
acting singly - laterally flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle |
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origin of iliocostalis thoracis
|
inferior 6 ribs
|
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insertion of splenius cervicis
|
transverse processes of 1st 2 or 4 cervical vertebrae
|
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insertion of iliocostalis thoracis
|
superior 6 ribs
|
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action of splenius capitis
|
acting together - extend head
acting singly - laterally flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle |
|
are anterior muscles on the lateral or medial epicondyle of the humerus?
|
medial
|
|
both splenius muscles (splenius capitis & splenius cervicis) have same actions T or F
|
true
|
|
action of iliocostalis thoracis
|
acting together- muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column of their respective regions.
acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column of their respective region. |
|
origin of iliocostalis lumborum
|
iliac crest
|
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insertion of iliocostalis lumborum
|
inferior 6 ribs
|
|
action of iliocostalis lumborum
|
acting together- muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column of their respective regions.
acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column of their respective region. |
|
Do all of the erector spinae ILIOCOSTALIS muscle group have the same action? T or F..If so, what are the actions?
|
True,
acting together- muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend and maintain erect posture of vertebral column of their respective regions. acting singly - laterally flex vertebral column of their respective region. |
|
what are the longissimus group (intermediate) muscles?
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longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis, and longissimus thoracis
|
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which longissimus intermediate muscles have the same actions?
|
longissimus cervicis and longissimus thoracis
|
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origin of longissimus capitis
|
transverse processes of T1-T4
|
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insertion of longissimus capitis
|
mastoid process of temporal bone
|
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action of longissimus capitis
|
acting together- both longissimus capitis extend head
acting singly - rotate head to same side as contracting muscle |
|
origin of longissimus cervicis
|
transverse processes of 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae
|
|
insertion of longissimus cervicis
|
transverse processes of 2nd to 6th cervical vertebrae
|
|
action of longissimus cervicis
|
acting together- longissimus cervicis and longissimus thoracis muscles extend vertebral column of their respective regions
acting singly- laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions |
|
origin of longissimus thoracis
|
transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
|
|
insertion of longissimus thoracis
|
transverse processes of all thoracic and superior lumbar vertebrae and 9th and 10th ribs
|
|
action of longissimus thoracis
|
acting together- longissimus cervicis and longissimus thoracis muscles extend vertebral column of their respective regions
acting singly- laterally flex vertebral column of their respective regions |
|
name the spinalis group of muscles (medial)
|
spinalis capitis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis thoracis
|
|
origin of spinalis capitis
|
arises with semispinalis capitis
|
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insertion of spinalis capitis
|
occipital bone
|
|
actions of spinalis capitis
|
acting together, muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend vertebral column of their respective regions
|
|
innervation of spinalis capitis
|
cervical and superior thoracic spinal nerves
|
|
Do all the spinalis medial muscles have the same action? T or F
|
true
|
|
origin of spinalis cervicis
|
ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of 7th vertebra
|
|
insertion of spinalis cervicis
|
spinous process of axis
|
|
action of spinalis cervicis
|
acting together, muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend vertebral column of their respective regions
|
|
Do the longissimus cervicis and spinalis capitis have the same innervation? T or F
|
True, cervical and superior thoracic spinal nerves
|
|
origin of spinalis thoracis
|
spinous processes of superior lumbar and inferior thoracic vertebra
|
|
insertion of spinalis thoracis
|
spinous processes of superior thoracic vertebrae
|
|
actions of spinalis thoracis
|
acting together- muscles of each region (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) extend vertebral column of their respective regions
|
|
What are the transversospinales muscles?
|
semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, rotatores
|
|
origin of semispinales capitis
|
transverse processes of first 6 or 7 thoracic vertebrae and 7th cervical vertebra, and articular processes of 4th, 5th, and 6th cervical vertebrae
|
|
insertion of semispinales capitis
|
occipital bone
|
|
action of semispinales capitis
|
acting together- extend head
acting singly - rotate head to side opposite contacting muscle |
|
insertion of semispinalis cervicis
|
spinous processes of 1st to 5th cervical vertebrae
|
|
action of semispinalis cervicis
|
acting together- both semispinalis cervicis and both semispinalis thoracis muscles extend vertebral column of their respective regions
actinging singly - rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
origin of semispinalis thoracis
|
transverse processes of 6th to 10th thoracic vertebrae
|
|
insertion of semispinalis thoracis
|
spinous processes of superior 4 thoracic and last 2 cervical vertebrae
|
|
action of semispinalis thoracis
|
acting together- both semispinalis cervicis and both semispinalis thoracis muscles extend vertebral column of their respective regions
actinging singly - rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
innervation of semispinalis thoracis
|
thoracic spinal nerves
|
|
both the semispinalis cervicis and semispinalis thoracis share the same action T or F
|
True,
acting together- both semispinalis cervicis and both semispinalis thoracis muscles extend vertebral column of their respective regions actinging singly - rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
semispinales capitis and semispinales cervicis share the same innervation T or F
|
true, cervical and thoracic nerves
|
|
origin of multifidus
|
sacrum, ilium, transverse processes of lumbar, thoracic, and inferior 4 cervical vertebra
|
|
insertion of multifidus
|
spinous processes of a more superior vertebra
|
|
action of multifidus
|
acting together- extend vertebral column
acting singly- laterally flex vertebral column and rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
origin of rotatores
|
transverse processes of all vertebrae
|
|
insertion of rotatores
|
spinous process of vertebra superior to the one of the origin
|
|
action of rotatores
|
acting together- extend vertebral column
acting singly- rotate vertebral column to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
innervation of rotatores
|
cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves
|
|
What are the scalene muscles?
|
anterior scalene, middle scalene, posterior scalene
|
|
The anterior and the middle scalene share the same insertion and action T or F
|
true
|
|
origin of anterior scalene
|
transverse processes of 3rd -6th cervical vertebrae
|
|
insertion of anterior scalene
|
1st rib
|
|
action of anterior scalene
|
acting together- right and left anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles flex head and elevate 1st rib during deep inhalation
acting singly-laterally flex head and rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
innervation of anterior scalene
|
cervical spinal nerves c5-c6
|
|
origin of middle scalene
|
transverse processes of inferior 6 cervical vertebrae
|
|
insertion of middle scalene
|
1st rib
|
|
action of middle scalene
|
acting together- right and left anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles flex head and elevate 1st rib during deep inhalation
acting singly-laterally flex head and rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
innervation of middle scalene
|
cervical spinal nerves c3-c8
|
|
origin of posterior scalene
|
transverse processes of 4th - 6th cervical vertebrae
|
|
insertion of posterior scalene
|
2nd rib
|
|
action of posterior scalene
|
acting together- flex head and elevate 2nd rib during deep inhalation
acting singly-laterally flex head and rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle |
|
innervation of posterior scalene
|
cervical spinal nerves c6-c8
|
|
Grouping of the muscles that move the vertebral column (backbone) is based on general direction of the muscle bundles and their approximate lengths. T or F
|
true
|
|
The splenius muscles arise from midline and extend laterally and superiorly to their insertions T or F
|
true
|
|
the erector spinae muscles arise from either the midline or more laterally, but usually runs almost longitudinally with neither a significant lateral or medial direction as it is traced superiorly. T or F
|
true
|
|
the transversosspinalis muscles arise laterally but extend toward the midline as they are traced superiorly.
|
true
|
|
the splenius muscles are attached to the sides and back of the neck. T or F
|
true
|
|
What is the largest muscle mass of the back, forming a prominent bulge on either side of the vertebral column?
|
erector spinae
|
|
What is the chief extensor of the vertebral column?
|
erector spinae
|
|
The main mass of the erector spinae muscle is in what region?
|
lumbar region
|
|
Which of the scalene muscles is the longest and largest?
|
middle scalene
|
|
Which of the scalene muscles is the smallest?
|
posterior scalene
|
|
The rotatores muscles are short and are found along the entire length of the vertebral column. T or F
|
true
|
|
muscles that move the vertebral column (backbone)
|
splenius, (erector spinae) iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis, transversospinales, segmental, scalenes
|
|
what are the 4 factors associated with increased risk of back injury?
|
amount of force, repetition, posture, and stress applied to the backbone
|
|
what muscle innervates both the musculocutaneous and radial nerves?
|
brachialis
|
|
origin of splenius cervicis
|
spinous processes of 3rd - 6th thoracic vertebrae
|
|
origin of the iliocostalis cervicis
|
superior 6 ribs
|
|
insertion of the iliocostalis cervicis
|
transverse processes of 4-6 cervical vertebrae
|
|
name the superficial posterior compartment muscles of the forearm
|
extersor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum extensor digiti minimi extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
name the deep posterior compartment muscles of the forearm
|
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis |
|
the flexor pollicis longus and the flexor digitorum profundus are located on which compartment
|
deep anterior compartment of the forearm
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the scalene muscles each originate where?
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on the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae C2-C7
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the scalene muscles each originate where?
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transverse process and insert on the ribs
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the anterior and middle scalene muscles do what?
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they laterally flex the head, elevate the first rib, and rotate the head to the side opposite the contracting muscle, and flex the head
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acting together - extend head, acting singly rotate head to side opposite contracting muslce. what muscle is this?
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semispinalis capitis
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extend and rotate the vertebral column?
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rotatores
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