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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Protozoa "AMEBIASIS" Entamoeba histolytica
Infectious-Pathologic Stages Transmission |
IP: cyst - trophozoite
trans: fecal-contaminated food/water, anal-oral sex |
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"AMEBIASIS" Entamoeba histolytica
Location Symptoms |
Large intestine, liver, CNS
bloody/watery diarrhea, constipation then diarrhea asymptomatic carriage |
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AMOEBIASIS Entamoeba histolytica
"Amoeboma" Liver Abscess Cutaneous Lesion CNS |
mass under oedematous muscosa in large intestine sometimes thought to be tumor, but surgery will allow it to disseminate to blood!
Liver: pain in upper right quadrant Cutaneous: perianal lesion, penis melts CNS: edema, inflammation, gliosis |
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GIARDIASIS - Giardia
Infective - Pathology Stage Transmission |
IP: cyst - trophozoite
Trans: fecal contaminated food/water, anal-oral sex |
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GIARDIASIS - Giardia
Location Symptoms Misc |
Locat: small intestine
Sympt: watery diarrhea, steatorrhea (fat in feces), flatulance *** malabsorption, esp of fats zoonotic disease, antigenic variation |
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GIARDIASIS - Giardia
CYST infective stage |
* thick wall, small
* granular cytoplasm * 2-4 nuclei * remains of locomotor apparatus |
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GIARDIASIS - Giardia
TROPHOZOITE pathology stage |
* thin nuclear memb., LARGE cell
* nuclear memb has NO granules * 2 nuclei * 4 pairs of flagella * sucking disc, blepharoplasts |
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TRICHIOMONIASIS - Trichomonas vaginalis
Infect- Pathology Stage Transmission |
IP: TROPHOZOITE for both!
Trans: sexual relations |
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TRICHOMONIASIS - Trichomonas vaginalis
Location Symptoms |
locat: vagina, urethra of men
*** you get it in hot tub! sympt: Vaginitis, men = little signs |
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TRICHOMONIASIS - Trichomonas vaginalis
Pathology "Ping Pong infection" |
* must treat BOTH partners
* there's NO immunity bc there's NO penetration of tissue * no vaccines * #1 Sexually Transmitted INFECTION * adheres to genital wall & spreads out, secreting proteolytic enzymes * "opens door" to other org.'s, ie: HIV |
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"Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis" - NAEGLERIA
Infect-Pathology Stage Transmission |
IP: TROPHOZOITE for both!
Trans: swimming in fresh water |
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"Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis" - NAEGLERIA
Location Symptoms |
locat: CNS
sympt: menengitis * you can die in a week! |
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"Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis/ Amebic Keratitis**" - ACANTHAMOEBA
Infect-Path Stage Transmission |
Infectious: cyst OR trophozoite
Pathology: trophozoite Trans: inhale/ingest CYST, or swim in fresh water |
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"Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis/ Amebic Keratitis**" - ACANTHAMOEBA
Location Symptoms |
locat: brain (chronic- takes a yr to kill you), skin, EYES (dirty contact solution)
Sympt: chronic encephalitis, skin lesions, blindness ***treatable |
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"Granulatomous Amebic Encephalitis" - BALAMUTHIA
Infect-Path Stages Transmission |
IP: cyst - trophozoite
Trans: ingestion of CYST |
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"Granulatomous Amebic Encephalitis" - BALAMUTHIA
Location Symptoms Prevention |
Locat: brain
Sympt: encephalitis ** ALWAYS FATAL! Prevent: handwashing, purify water |
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MALARIA (plasmodium falciparum= worst)
Infectious stage Transmission |
Infect: sporozite
(schizonts-gametocytocide, hypnozoites= remain latent in liver) Trans: mosquito anopheles |
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MALARIA
location symptoms |
blood, liver, spleen, kidney
*ANEMIA: RBC lysis, suppression of erythropoiesis by cytokines, destruction of RBCs by spleen, autoantibodies to normal RBCs * liver/JAUNDICE: inc of Kuppfer cells to pick up garbage from lysing RBCs releasing membranes & malarial pigment hemozoin * Spleen: inc in antibody prod cells, inc in Reticulocytes = SPLENOMEGALY, spleen filters abnormal RBCs * Renal/BLACKWATER FEVER: bloody urine, glomulnonephritis = renal problems *** Other: HYPOGLYCEMIA (parasite uses host's glucose), ACIDOSIS (parasite metabolized glu to end prod lactate) |
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MALARIA
* parasites sequestered in blood vessels * blood rosetting |
SEQUESTERING
* PfEMP1: cytoadherance btwn P.falciparum-parasitized RBCs and endothelium * P.falciparum contain 150 variable genes for PfEMP1 = no vaccine BLD ROSETTING * normal RBCs stick together & block vessels = inc malarial patho * CRI gene blocks rosetting= less severe malaria |
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RBC variants conferring MALARIAL RESISTANCE
RBC Membranes Hemoglobinopathies RBC Enzymes |
* RBC Membrane: Bld grp O,failure of invasion
* Hemoglobinopathies: HbS (premature removal of immature RBCs), impairment of merozoite release, A-thalassemia, B-thalassesmia (sensitivity to oxidant stress & inc IgG binding) |
