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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Family Theories
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1.Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory 2.Olsen’s Circumplex Model 3.Family Strengths Model Stinnet & DeFrain) 4.Exchange theory
5.ABC-x |
Three are 5
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Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory
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Mircosystems
Mesosystems Macrosystems Exosystems Chronosystem |
Systems
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Mircosystems
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child is an active member
ie. family, child care, peers, community |
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Mesosystems
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where Bronfenbrenner's systems overlap ie. Having friends at home
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Exosystems
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effect the child, but the child is not an active participant
ie. work, school boards, federal and state commissions |
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Macrosystems
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societal based less direct effect on the child
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Olsen's Circumplex Model
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three dimensions:
cohesion flexibility communication main point: balanced family systems tend to be more functional than unbalanced family systems |
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Cohesion
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the emotional bonding that family members have toward one another
Olsen's Circumplex Model |
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Flexibility
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the amount of change in its leadership, role relationships and relationship roles
Olsen's Circumplex Model |
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Communication
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listening and speaking skills, self-disclosure, clarity, respect, and regard. Communication is necessary for creating movement on the other dimensions.
Olsen's Circumplex Model |
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Exchange Theory : Basic Assumptions
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*People are motivated by self-interest.
*Individuals are constrained by their choices. *People are rational. *Mutual cost-reward: social relationships are also characterized by interdependence. |
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Rewards
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things experiences as pleasurable (varies)
Exchange Theory : Key idea |
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Costs
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status, relationship or feeling that is disliked (varies)
Exchange Theory : Key idea |
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Profit
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gaining the most rewards with the fewest costs
Exchange Theory : Key idea |
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Comparison level
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evaluation of our profit against what we feel we deserve
Exchange Theory : Key idea |
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Alternatives
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comparing outcomes with others
Exchange Theory : key Idea |
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Reciprocity
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social expectation that people should help those who have helped them and not injure those who have helped them
Exchange Theory : key Idea |
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Examples of rewards and costs:
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Social approval
Autonomy Ambiguity Security Money Value, opinion, belief Equality |
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ABC-X Model
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This model is the foundation for family stress theory.
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A of the ABC-X Model
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the stressor event
events are neutral |
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B of the ABC-X Model
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the family's resources or strengths
ability to pull together to be flexible according to circumstances knowing when to get help |
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C of the ACB-X Model
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family's perception of the event
how they define or give meaning to the event. |
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X of the ABC-X Model
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the crisis
If the event or stressor causes the family to not be able to figure out the problem leads to crisis |
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Family Strengths Model
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dentifies a family's resources (or strengths) and builds on those resources to address the family's challenges
focuses on positivesrather than focusing on what isn't working and trying to fix it |
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Qualities in common among strong families in developed countries
(Family Strengths) |
1. Commitment to each other, individually and collectively
2. Consistent demonstration of appreciation and affection 3. Positive communication between members 4. Regularly spend time together 5. Spiritual well-being 6. Demonstrate ability to deal with stress without being thrown into crisis |
There are 6
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Developmental Theories
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1.Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development 2.Piaget’s theory of cognitive development 3.Maslow’ hierarchy of needs 4.Bandura’s social learning 5.Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory
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There are 5 E,P,M,B,V
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Trust vs mistrust
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Birth-1 or 1 ½
Safe to do Erikson’s psychosocial stage = Infant |
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Autonomy vs
Shame, Doubt |
1-3 years
Can do Erikson’s psychosocial stage = Toddler |
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Initiative vs Guilt
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3-6 years
I am okay doing Erikson’s psychosocial stage = Preschooler |
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Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
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Children's thinking is different from adult thought
Learning occurs through hands on interaction with the environment 4 stages |
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Schemas
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Cognitive fameworks
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Accommodation
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adjust our framework to accommodate new experiences
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Assimilation
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bring experience in existing schemas
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Piaget's stages of cognitive development
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1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational 3. Concrete operational 4. Formal operations |
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Sensorimotor
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0-2/3
explore world via senses |
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Preoperational
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3-6/7
curiosity bound by visual cues focus on one thing at a time |
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Concrete operational
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7-11/12
canhold in mind sequence of events, math and directions easier |
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Schemas
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Cognitive fameworks
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Accommodation
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adjust our framework to accommodate new experiences
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Assimilation
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bring experience in existing schemas
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Piaget's stages of cognitive development
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1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational 3. Concrete operational 4. Formal operations |
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Sensorimotor
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0-2/3
explore world via senses |
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Preoperational
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3-6/7
curiosity bound by visual cues focus on one thing at a time |
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Concrete operational
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7-11/12
canhold in mind sequence of events, can see things from others perspective, not as bound by visual cues |
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Formal operations
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12 -->
more abstract thinking (not everyone reaches this stage) Most only reach within a specialized field |
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Vygotsky's Sociocultural theory
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Learning occurs in the course of the child's active engagement with the social world.
Social competence is key. (Most important part of environment is the people in it.) |
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Zone of proximal development
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Complicated task that lies just beyond the child's ability, buy can be achieve via scaffolding
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Scaffolding
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helping someone learn by offering suport, pointing about possibilities, making suggestions, and noticing details, but NOT telling how
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Maslow's hierarchy of needs
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basic needs:
physiological safety belongingness& love esteem then you can move onto knowledge & understanding, Aesthetic needs, and eventuall y |
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