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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Immunity |
the active ability to resist disease |
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Innate Immunity |
does not depend on prior exposure |
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Adaptive Immunity |
quicker and more vigorous on 2nd exposure |
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Primary Lymphoid Organs |
Thymus and Bone Marrow |
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Thymus |
T cell development |
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Bone Marrow |
B cell development |
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs |
lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosa (associated lymphoid tissues-MALT) |
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PAMPs |
Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns |
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Acute Inflammatory Response |
combats infection; intializes repair |
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Leukocytes |
all nucleated white blood cells (Myeloid and Lymphoid) |
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Major Leukocytes of Innate Immunity |
Neutrophils Macrophages Dendritic Cells Natural Killer Cells |
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Neutrophils |
Phagocytosis Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species Antimicrobial peptides |
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Macrophages |
Phagocytosis Inflammatory mediators Antigen presentation Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species Cytokines Complement proteins |
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Dendritic Cells |
Antigen presentation Costimulatory signals Reactive oxygen species Interferon Cytokines |
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Natural Killer Cells |
Lysis of viral-infected cells Interferon Macrophage activation |
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Phagocytosis |
process by which certain living cells called phagocytes ingest or engulf other cells or particles |
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Anatomical (Physical) Barriers |
Skin Mouth and Upper Alimentary Canal Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Airway and Lungs |
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Cells of the Immune System: Innate Immunity |
Bone Marrow stem cell Myeloid precursor Monocyte or Granulocytes Monocyte -> Dendritic cell or Macrophage Granulocytes -> Neutrophil or Mast cell |
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Cells of the Immune System: Adaptive Immunity |
Bone Marrow stem cell Lymphoid precursor T cell or B cell B cell -> Plasma cell |
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Innate Immune Response |
recognizes Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns |
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Adaptive Immune Response |
recognizes antigens and immunogens |
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Antigens |
substances that react with antibodies (B cells) and T cell receptors (T cells) |
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Immunogens |
substances that evoke an immune response |
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Properties of Good Immunogen |
Forgeinness Molecular Size Chemical Complexity Ability to be processed by Antigen Presenting Cells (APC)s |
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Epitope |
the distinct portion of the macromolecule with which the antibody or T cell receptor interact |
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Antibodies (B cells) |
interact with accessible epitopes on the surface of native macromolecules |
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T Cell Receptors (T cells) |
interact with epitopes only after they are processed by the APCs and presented with a major histocompatibility complex (MHC I or MHC II) |
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Specificity |
immune cells recognize and react with individual molecules (antigens) via direct molecular interactions |
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Tolerance |
immune cells are not able to react with self antigen; self-reactive cells are destroyed during development of the immune response |
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Parasites contribute to malnutrition by: |
Decreasing host nutrient intake Increasing nutrient excretion Decreasing nutrient utilization |
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IgG |
serum |
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IgM |
potent complement activator |
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IgA |
mucosal |
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IgD |
membrane of mature B cells |
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IgE |
allergic response and parasitic worms mass cells |
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ADCC |
Ab development cell-mediated cytoloxicity |
