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39 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
MOA for benzimidazoles?
inhibit microtubule synthesis in nematodes, irreversibly impairing glucose uptake. Also larvicidal and ovicidal effects,
ADE for albendazole?
Migration of roundworms through mouth and nose. Leukopenia. Increased transaminases.
Which pt populations should you use caution when prescribing albendazole?
pregnancy and liver dz
ADE for mebendazole?
Migration of round worms through the mouth and nose. Leukopenia. Hypospermia.
Which pt populations should you use caution when prescribing mebendazole?
Pregnancy
Name the two benzimidazoles?
Albendazole & Mebendazole
MOA for Praziquantel
Loss in intracellular Ca, resulting in paralysis and dislodgment of the worms. Higher doses - damages parasites surface membrane - activate's host immune response.
ADE for praziquantel
Dizziness, HA, & malaise. Abd. discomfort, fever, sweating, & esonophilia.
Which pt populations should you use caution when prescribing praziquatel?
Pregnancy & nursing. Liver Dz
MOA for Pyrantel Pamoate
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Spastic paralysis of parasite. inhibits cholinesterases
Name an indication for use of Pyrantel Pamoate?
Roundworm and pinworms
Which antihelmintic is OTC?
Pyrantel Pamoate
ADE for Pyrantel Pamoate?
N/V, rash, dizziness, HA, transient AST elevations.
What is a contraindication for use of Pyrantel Pamoate?
Liver Dz
Name the two intraluminal antiprotozoal agents?
Iodoquinol & Paromomycin
Name the two extraluminal antiprotozoal agents?
Metronidaole & Pentamindine
Indication for intraluminal antiprotozoal agents?
acute & chronic intestinal amebiasis (drinking unclean water).
what is important to monitor when a patient is taking iodoquinol?
Ophthalmologic exam
What is the DOC for extraluminal amebiasis?
Metronidazole
What must always be given with Metronidazole?
Luminal agent
ADE for Metronidazole?
metallic taste, dark urine, seizures, neuropathy, Disulfram-like rxn alcohol.
What food interactions occur with metronidazole?
antibiotic serum concentration lowered and delayed when taken with food
phenytoin and phenobarbital are inducers or inhibitors of metronidazole metabolism?
Inducers (makes metronidazole plasma levels decrease).
Cimetidine is an inducer or inhibitor of metronidazole metabolism?
Inhibitor (makes metronidazole plasma levels rise).
When metronidazole is taken with alcohol or disulfiram, what ADE can happen?
Increase in warfarin effects, increase in lithium levels (toxicity)
What is the DOC for malaria prophylaxis in chloroquine-sensitive areas?
chloroquine-phosphate
Malaria prophylaxis in chloroquine-resistant areas?
Mefloquine (lower dose). Doxycycline. Atovaquone/progua (Malarone).
DOC for Malaria tx Chloroquine-sensitive areas?
Chloroquine-phospate
DOC for Malaria tx chloroquine-resistant areas?
Quinidine gluconate or Quinine dihydrochloride
ADE for Doxycycline
Photosensitivity, C.diff, Teeth discoloration
ADE for Clindamycin
C.diff, Hepatotoxicity, leukopenia/anemia
ADE for pyrimethamine
Blood dyscrasias & Steven-Johnson syndrome
ADE for primaquine
Blood dyscrasias & arrthymias & interference with visual accommodation
ADE for Atovarquone (1/2 of Malarone)
Aphthous ulcerations, hair loss, scaling of palms and soles. Urticaria, hematuria, thromocytopenia
ADE for Proguanil (1/2 of Malarone)
Insomnia, Athenia, Puritis, Elevated hepatic enzymes
ADE for Mefloquine
Toxic psychosis, seizures, prolonged QT and other dysrhythmias, nightmares, dysphoria, visual disturbances, loss of balance, post-malaria neurologic syndrome
ADE for Quinine and Quinidine
Blood dyscrasias, Hepatitis, prolonged QT, hypotension with IV admin.,
Which Malaria drugs can cause ototoxicity and deafness in neonates?
Quinine & Quinidine
ADE for Chloroquine
Hypotension, EKG changes, blood dyscrasias, ocular toxicity, blurred vision, skin rxn, peripheral neuropathy, psychosis, and seizures