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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
MOA for benzimidazoles?
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inhibit microtubule synthesis in nematodes, irreversibly impairing glucose uptake. Also larvicidal and ovicidal effects,
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ADE for albendazole?
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Migration of roundworms through mouth and nose. Leukopenia. Increased transaminases.
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Which pt populations should you use caution when prescribing albendazole?
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pregnancy and liver dz
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ADE for mebendazole?
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Migration of round worms through the mouth and nose. Leukopenia. Hypospermia.
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Which pt populations should you use caution when prescribing mebendazole?
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Pregnancy
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Name the two benzimidazoles?
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Albendazole & Mebendazole
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MOA for Praziquantel
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Loss in intracellular Ca, resulting in paralysis and dislodgment of the worms. Higher doses - damages parasites surface membrane - activate's host immune response.
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ADE for praziquantel
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Dizziness, HA, & malaise. Abd. discomfort, fever, sweating, & esonophilia.
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Which pt populations should you use caution when prescribing praziquatel?
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Pregnancy & nursing. Liver Dz
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MOA for Pyrantel Pamoate
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Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Spastic paralysis of parasite. inhibits cholinesterases
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Name an indication for use of Pyrantel Pamoate?
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Roundworm and pinworms
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Which antihelmintic is OTC?
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Pyrantel Pamoate
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ADE for Pyrantel Pamoate?
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N/V, rash, dizziness, HA, transient AST elevations.
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What is a contraindication for use of Pyrantel Pamoate?
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Liver Dz
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Name the two intraluminal antiprotozoal agents?
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Iodoquinol & Paromomycin
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Name the two extraluminal antiprotozoal agents?
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Metronidaole & Pentamindine
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Indication for intraluminal antiprotozoal agents?
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acute & chronic intestinal amebiasis (drinking unclean water).
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what is important to monitor when a patient is taking iodoquinol?
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Ophthalmologic exam
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What is the DOC for extraluminal amebiasis?
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Metronidazole
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What must always be given with Metronidazole?
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Luminal agent
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ADE for Metronidazole?
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metallic taste, dark urine, seizures, neuropathy, Disulfram-like rxn alcohol.
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What food interactions occur with metronidazole?
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antibiotic serum concentration lowered and delayed when taken with food
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phenytoin and phenobarbital are inducers or inhibitors of metronidazole metabolism?
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Inducers (makes metronidazole plasma levels decrease).
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Cimetidine is an inducer or inhibitor of metronidazole metabolism?
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Inhibitor (makes metronidazole plasma levels rise).
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When metronidazole is taken with alcohol or disulfiram, what ADE can happen?
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Increase in warfarin effects, increase in lithium levels (toxicity)
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What is the DOC for malaria prophylaxis in chloroquine-sensitive areas?
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chloroquine-phosphate
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Malaria prophylaxis in chloroquine-resistant areas?
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Mefloquine (lower dose). Doxycycline. Atovaquone/progua (Malarone).
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DOC for Malaria tx Chloroquine-sensitive areas?
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Chloroquine-phospate
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DOC for Malaria tx chloroquine-resistant areas?
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Quinidine gluconate or Quinine dihydrochloride
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ADE for Doxycycline
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Photosensitivity, C.diff, Teeth discoloration
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ADE for Clindamycin
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C.diff, Hepatotoxicity, leukopenia/anemia
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ADE for pyrimethamine
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Blood dyscrasias & Steven-Johnson syndrome
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ADE for primaquine
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Blood dyscrasias & arrthymias & interference with visual accommodation
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ADE for Atovarquone (1/2 of Malarone)
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Aphthous ulcerations, hair loss, scaling of palms and soles. Urticaria, hematuria, thromocytopenia
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ADE for Proguanil (1/2 of Malarone)
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Insomnia, Athenia, Puritis, Elevated hepatic enzymes
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ADE for Mefloquine
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Toxic psychosis, seizures, prolonged QT and other dysrhythmias, nightmares, dysphoria, visual disturbances, loss of balance, post-malaria neurologic syndrome
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ADE for Quinine and Quinidine
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Blood dyscrasias, Hepatitis, prolonged QT, hypotension with IV admin.,
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Which Malaria drugs can cause ototoxicity and deafness in neonates?
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Quinine & Quinidine
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ADE for Chloroquine
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Hypotension, EKG changes, blood dyscrasias, ocular toxicity, blurred vision, skin rxn, peripheral neuropathy, psychosis, and seizures
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