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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Causes of poor perfusion
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-lack of blood volume
-lack of blood flow -lack of blood oxygen |
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Good perfusion requires
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-pump
-fluid -pipe system |
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Good perfusion requires capability to
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recieve, carry, and release
-oxygen -sugar -waste products |
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Cardiac output
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the amount of blood pumped each minute.
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Stroke volume
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the amount of blood pumped with each heart beat
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Cardiac output =?
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stroke volume x heart rate
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Right sided heart return effected by...
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-venous tone
-gravity -muscle massage -venous valves -siphon effect -breathing |
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Preload is..
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Right-sided heart return + atrial kick
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Compensatory mechanisms
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The body's attempt to adjust itself or "compensate" for poor perfusion.
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The first compensatory mechanism of most types of shock
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Tachycardia
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Most sensitive indicator of poor perfusion
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Level of Consciousness
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Compensatory mechanisms:
-increased heart rate and contractility stimulated by?? |
Beta 1 stimulation
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Compensatory mechanisms:
-Vessel contriction caused by?? |
-Alpha stimulation
-Renin -Angiotensin and ACE |
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Comensatory mechanisms:
conserves H2O throuugh |
-Aldosterone
-ADH |
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Signs of Shock:
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-Rapid breathing
-rapid and weak pulse -nausea and vomiting - |
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3 stages of shock
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-Compensated/early
-Decompensated/middle -Irreversible/late |
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Types of shock
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-Cardiogenic
-Hypovolemic -Obstructive -Distributive |
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Cardiogenic shock is a _____ problem
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-pump problem
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Obstructive shock is a _____ problem
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-pipe problem
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hypovolemic shock is a ____ problem
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-fluid problem
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distributive shock is a ____ problem
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-pipe problem
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Causes of cardiogenic shock
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-heart rate to fast
-heart rate to slow -heart rate too irregular -Heart fails as pump: -Acute -Chronic *problem=cardiac output* |
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Causes of hypovolemic shock
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-Active loss of blood
-acute dehydration -burns *problem=not enough blood* |
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Causes of obstructive shock
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- Tension Pneumothorax
-Tamponade - Dissecting aortic aneurysm -MASSIVE pulmonary embolisn *problem= preload is blocked or cardiac output is blocked* |
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causes of distributive shock
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-anaphalaxis
-sepsis -metabolic -neurogenic -psychogenic -overdose *problem=widespread vasodilation* |
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Distributive shock: other names
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-relative hypovolemia
-high space shock -vasodilatory shock |
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Treatment of cardiogenic shock:
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-BLS-ABC's
-IV access -Treat Dysrythmais PRN -DOPAMINE * goal is to improve cardiac output* |
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Treatment of hypovolemic shock
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-BLS-ABC's
-Rapid transport -trauma=load and go -Fluid's per protocol *goal is to replace some fluids and surgery* |
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Treatment for obstructive shock
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-BLS-ABC's
-Rapid transport -trauma=load and go -IV's en-route Pleural decompression for Tension. *goal is to relieve obsruction if possible* |
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Treatment for distributive shock
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-BLS-ABC's
-IV/fluid challenge -mast?? -dopamine *goal is to fill "high space" and promote vasoconstriction* |
