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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the indication for adrenaline?
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Cardiac Arrest Anaphylaxis Life threatening asthma |
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Where is adrenaline produced within the body?
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In the medulla of the adrenal glands
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What are the side affects of adrenaline?
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Plantations Dizziness Sweating Anxiety Tachycardia Headache Tremors |
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What is the name for a drug that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system?
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Sympathomimetrics
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What are the two presentations of adrenaline?
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1mg in 1 ml (1:1000) 1mg in 10ml (1:10000) |
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How does adrenaline work within the body?
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Adrenline stimulates Alpha and Beta receptors; A1 - Peripheral vasoconstriction A2 - Inhibit ACh release, Inhibit insulin release B1 - Chronotropic, Inotropic and Dromotropic effects on the heart B2 - Vasodilation and bronchodilation |
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When should adrenaline be administered during cardiac arrest?
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After the third shock, then every other shock OR... If non shockable rhythm ASAP then every 3-5 minutes. |
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What are the contra indications of adrenaline?
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- Do not give repeated doses of adrenaline to hypothermic patients.
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What is the half life of adrenaline?
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2-3 minutes |
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What is the abbreviation for adrenaline?
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ADM/AMX
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What are the indications for Amiodarone?
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Shock able rhythms in cardiac arrest. After 3rd and 5th Shock. |
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What are the side effects of amiodarone?
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Bradycardia Vasodilation and hypotention Bronchospasm Arrythmias - Torsades de pointes |
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What type of drug is amiodarone?
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Antiarrythmic
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What is the dose of Amiodarone in cardiac arrest?
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300mg in 10 ml
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How does amiodarone work?
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Blocks sodium and potassium channels in the cardiac muscle therefore lengthening the repolarisation phase of the ventricles (q-t interval) |
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What is the abbreviation for Amiodarone?
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AMO
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What is the half life of Amiodarone?
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58 days |
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What type of drug is Aspirin?
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Antithrombotic
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How does aspirin work?
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It inhibits the production of Thromboxane which is required for platelet aggregation and clot formation |
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What is the dosage for aspirin?
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Initial - 300mg Maximum - 300mg |
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What is the dosage for amiodarone?
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Initial - 300mg Maximum - 450mg |
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What is the maximum dosage of adrenaline?
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None
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What is the dosage interval for adrenaline in life threatening asthma and anaphylaxis?
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5 minutes
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What are the contraindications for aspirin?
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Known allergy GI bleeding <16 - can cause reyes syndrome Haemophilia (blood clotting disorder) Hepatic desease |
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What are the side effects of aspirin?
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Wheezing GI bleeding |
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What are the indications for atropine?
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Symptomatic bradycardia Absolute Bradcardia HR<40 |
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What are the doses for atropine?
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Initial - 600 micrograms Interval - 3-5 mins Maximum - 3 mg |
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What are the contraindications for atropine?
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Suspected hypothermia
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How does atropine work?
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By blocking acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptors of the heart and inhibiting the action of the vagus nerve. |
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What are the side effects if atropine?
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Dry mouth Confusion Tachycardia Urine retension Pupil dilation |
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Why should care be taken when administering atropine during MI?
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Atropine may induce tachycardia which will increase oxygen demand by the cardiac muscle and worsen ischaemia.
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What are the indications for Glyceryl Trinitrate?
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MI Angina Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema |
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What are the dose for GTN?
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Initial 4-800 micrograms Interval 5-10 minutes Max - None |
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How does GTN work?
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Vasodilator which reduces blood pressure, reduces preload and relieves coronary spasm
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What are the side effects of GTN?
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Hypotension Dizziness Headache |
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What are the contraindication for GTN?
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HypotensionHead traumaCerebral HaemorrhageViagra taken in last 24 hoursUnconcious
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What are the indications for Benzylpenicillin? |
Suspected meningococcal disease with a non blanching rash and other signs/symptoms |
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What is the abbreviation for Benzylpenicillin? |
BPN |
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What type of drug is Benzylpenicillin? |
Broad spectrum antibiotic |
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Can you give repeated doses of BPN? |
No |
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What are the doses for BPN? |
0-9 months 300 milligrams 9 months - 9 years 600 milligrams 9+ 1.2 grams |
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How should BPN be administered? |
IV/IO/IM |
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What are the contra indications for BPN? |
Known allergy to penicillin |
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What percentage of children with meningococcal disease present with a rash? |
40% |
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What are the indications for Chlorphenamine? |
Allergic reactions Anaphylaxis |
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What type of drug is Chlorphenamine? |
Antihistamine Anticholinergic |
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What are the various presentations of Chlorphenamine? |
10mg in 1ml (IV/IO/IM) 4mg (tablet) 2mg in 5ml (oral) |
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What are the contraidications for CPH? |
Known Hypersensitivity Under 1 YO |
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What are the side effects of CPH? |
Sedation Dry Mouth Headache Blurred Vision Phychomotor impairment Convulsions (rare) Transient Hypotension |
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Who are more likely to suffer the side effects of CPH? |
The elderly |
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What are the cautions for CPH? |
Hypotention Hepatic disease Prostatic disease Glaucoma Epilepsy |
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What is the abbreviation for dexamthason? |
DEX |
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What is DEX used for? |
moderat/severe croup |
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What ages a DEX appropriate for? |
1 month - 6 years |
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What is the route of administration from DEX? |
Oral |
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What are the doses for DEX? |
1 month - 12 months = 2mg 12 months - 6 years = 4mg |
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Can you give repeat doses of DEX? |
No |
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Contraindications for DEX? |
Systemic infection Previously diagnosed hypertension |
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Cautions for DEX? |
Distressing the child can cause further airway compromise |
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What type of drug is DEX? |
Corticosteroid - reducing immflamations of the larynx |
