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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is pancreatitis.
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Acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas and pancreatic enzymes leak out into the surrounding tissue.
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What are words that describe Chronic Pancreatitis? Select all that apply:
a. continuous inflammation b. destruction of the pancreas c. scar tissue replaces pancreatic tissue. |
a. continous inflammation.
b. destruction of pancreas. c. scar tissue replaces pancreatic tissue. |
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What causes Pancreatitis?
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*Alcohol is greatest cause
hyperlipidemia hypercalcemia peptic ulcer disease ischemic valvular disease biliary tract disease viral/bacterial disease gallstones hyperparathyroidism |
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Where does pain occur in acute pancreatitis?
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*sudden onset of pain
*midepigastric, upper left quadrant *radiates to the back * aggravated by a fatty meal, alcohol, lying down flat *abdominal tenderness |
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What are other signs of acute pancreatitis on assessment?
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*Cullen's sign (blue abdomen)
*Turner's sign (blue flanks) * nausea and vomiting * weight loss * fever * absent/ decreased bowel sounds *tachycardia *hypotension |
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What labs are elevated in acute pancreatitis on assessement?
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* WBC
* glucose * bilirubin * alkaline * phosphatase * urinary amylase * lipase |
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What labs are decreased in acute pancreatitis?
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* calcium
* sodium * magnesium (all from dehydration) |
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What type of diet should be implemented for chronic pancreatitis?
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* small, frequent
* high carb * high protein * low fat * supplements and vitamins |
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True or False:
NG tube, NPO status, TPN should be used for actue pancreatitis. |
True.
* NG tube * NPO status * TPN |
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Drugs for Acute Pancreatitis include the three A's. They are:
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a. anticholinergics (slow motility)
b. antihistamines (decreases HCl) c. antacids (neutralize acid) |
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What should you teach the patient with acute pancreatitis?
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* no alcohol
* observe for clay-colored stools * observe for jaundice * observe for dark urine * notify physician for jaundice, clay colored stools, urine, and abdominal pain. |
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What drug should be administered for pain associated with Acute Pancreatitis?
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Demerol. Don't give Morphine. Morphine increases spasm at the sphincter of Oddi.
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What type of pain comes with Chronic Pancreatitis? Select all that apply:
a. gnawing, dullness b. continuous burning c. abdominal tenderness |
a. gnawing, dullness
b. constant burning c. abdominal tenderness |
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These are other findings on assessment of Chronic Pancreatitis:
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a. steatorrhea
b. foul-smelling stool c. left upper quadrant mass d. jaundice e. weight loss f. musclewasting g. signs and symptoms of diabetes |
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What drug is given for pain in Chronic Pancreatitis?
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Demerol. Not Morphine because it increases the spasms at the sphincter of Oddi.
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True or False: Implementations for Chronic Pancreatitis include:
a. NPO status (avoids pain from eating) b. TPN if needed |
true. both a (NPO status) b (TPN for depletion) are implemented for chronic pancreatitis.
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What type of diet should the patient with Chronic Pancreatitis follow?
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*no alcohol
*small frequent meals *high carb *high protein *low fat *supplements *vitamins *no caffeine |
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Why are pancreatic enzymes given to the patient with Chronic Pancreatitis?
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to help absorb and digest fat and protein
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Why is insulin given to the patient with Chronic Pancreatitis.
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The Chronic Pancreatitis patient may exhibit signs and symptoms of diabetes. Insulin or oral hypoglycemics are given to control diabetes.
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When should the patient notify the physician?
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* steatorrhea
* abdominal distention * cramping * skin breakdown |
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What Hyposecretory drug is given to patients with Chronic Pancreatitis?
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Tagamet (Cimetidine)
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Name the pancreatic enzymes.
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*creon
*pancretin *pancrelipase *donnazame *viocase |
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True or False. The pancreatic enzymes are given with meals to help with absorption of fat and protein.
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True.
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What should you teach the patient with chronic pancreatitis who takes pancreatic enzymes?
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swallow whole. enzymes are irritating when crushed.
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How many calories per day should the patient with chronic pancreatitis consume?
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4000-6000 calories per day.
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