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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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APROX how much of the pancreas is endocrine gland
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about 1 %
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Where are the endocrine cells arranged in to islets of Langerhans
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found through out but primarily in the tail
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4 hormones secreted by four differenc cell types of the islets name them
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alpha, beta, delta and F:
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what does the alpha cells secrete
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glucagon that increases blood glucose (catabolic)
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what does the beta cells secreate
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insulin: decreases blood glucose (anabolic)
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What does F: pancreatic p[olypeptid do
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inhibits somatostatin, pancreatic enzymes, and gallbladder contraction
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What are the clinical features seen in patients with acute pancreatitis
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pain in epigastric region; radiation to the back and s/s of shock; lab is increased serum amylase and lipase are elevated
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what mainly causes acute pancreatitis
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80% of cases are from alcoholism or gallstones
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where are the two primary settings for acute pancreatitis
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pancreatic duct obstruction and direct injury to acinar cells
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what is the mortality rate of acute pancreatitis
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20-40% with severe acute episode
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What is the most severe form of acute pancreatitis
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acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis/ can be life threatening
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symptoms result from what in acute pancreatitis
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from necrosis and inflammation of pancreas
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What are the two primary events that result in symptoms
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release of pancreatic lipases cause fat necrosis and associated acute inflammation reaction (pro-inflammatory cytokines)
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serum amylase level rise with in how long in acute pancreatitis
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12 hours (return to normal 48 - 72 hours later)
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how long does lipase remains elevated
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7-10 days after amylase returns to normal
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repeated episodes of mild to moderate pancreatic inflammation, with continued loss of pancreatic parenchyma and replacement with fibrous tissue
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chronic pancreatitis
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how do you tell the difference between acute and chronic pancreatitis
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virtually impossible to tell in a clinical setting. it is based on the condition of the pancreas
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