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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is the Pancreas considered an exocrine gland? |
Produces digestive juices (pancreatic juices) from zymogen cells, which are connected to the pancreatic duct |
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What are the five molecules found in pancreatic juices? |
Sodium Bicarbonate
Nuclease
Lipase
Trypsin
Pancreatic Amylase |
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What is Sodium Bicarbonate? (NaHCO3, Bicarbonate ions, HCO3-) |
Raises pH of small intestine (duodenum)
Acts as buffer of chyme
Creates optimum temperature conditions for pancreatic/intestinal enzymes
Activates trypsinogen |
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What is lipase? |
Digests/Hydrolyzes/Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol |
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What is Trypsin? |
Breaks down proteins into peptides |
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What is Nuclease? |
Breaks down nucleic acids into nucleotides |
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What is Pancreatic Amylase? |
Breaks down starch (carbohydrates) into maltose |
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Why is the Pancreas considered as an endocrine gland? |
Produces insulin and glucagon from istlets of Langerhans Hormones regulate body's use of glucose |
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Functions of Insulin |
Stimulates cells to metabolize (use) glucose Makes cells more permeable to glucose absorption Stimulates cells to absorb glucose and store as glycogen Promotes build up of fats/proteins |
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Functions of Glycagon |
Stimulates cells to convert glycogen to glucose Raise concentration of glucose in blood Promotes breakdown of fats/proteins into their unit molecules |
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Functions of liver |
Detoxifies blood Stores iron and fat-soluble vitamins (KEAD) Stores glucose as glycogen after eating and breaks down glycogen to glucose to raise blood sugar concentration Regulates concentration of blood between eating periods Produces urea from the breakdown of amino acids Converts hemoglobin from RBC to breakdown products (bilirubin) excreted along with bile salts in bole Produces bile |
