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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
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Grave's Dz
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What is Grave's Dz?
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Autoimmune disorder in which autoantibodies attach to TSH receptors & stimulate thyroid hyperfunctioning.
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A 30 yr old female presents with high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, tachycardia, restlessness and confusion. Labs: TSH - low, T3 and T4 are elevated. What is the condition? What is the initial treatment of choice?
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Thyroid Storm
b-blockers (primarily propanolol) |
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What is the drug of choice for pregnant/breat feeding women with hyperthyroidism?
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Propylthiouracil
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Which lab tests are used to confirm the dx of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis?
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serum antithyroid peroxidase & antithyroglobulin antibodies
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What is the treatment for Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
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lifetime replacement of thyroid hormone
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A 25 yr old female presents with painful glandular enlargement with pain radiating to the ears, dysphagia, low-grade fever and malaise. Which type of thyroiditis does she have & what is the treatment?
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Subacute Thyroiditis
Tx - ASA |
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Fever, pain, redness & a neck mass are present in _______ thyroiditis. What is the treatment?
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Suppurative Thyroiditis
Tx - Abx, I/D |
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What percentage of palpable thyroid nodules are malignant?
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5%
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What is Chvostek's sign?
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Facial muscle contraction after tapping the facial nerve
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What is Trousseau's phenomenon?
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Carpal spasm with BP cuff inflation
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Which 2 drugs should be avoided in patients with hypoparathyroidism?
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Phenothiazines
Furosemide |
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What are the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?
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"bones, stones, abd groans, psychic moans, with fatigue overtones"
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What is the hallmark lab test of hyperparathyroidism?
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Hypercalcemia >10.5 mg/dL
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What are the diagnostic lab values associated with DM I and II
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Random plasma glucose >200 with classic sx;
or Fasting levels of 126 or greater on more than one occasion |
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A fasting glucose of 100-125 indicates ___________
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Impaired fasting glucose
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A glucose of 140-199 two hrs after 75g oral glucose indicates __________-
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Impaired glucose tolerance
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What is the MOA of Metformin?
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Reduction of hepatic glucose production
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What are the acceptable glucose levels for DM pts?
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70-100 before meals & after overnight fast
<180 at 1 hr postprandial <150 at 2 hrs postprandial |
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What are the LDL and HDL goals for DM patients?
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LDL <100
HDL >50 |
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What is Whipple's Triad?
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Hx of hypoglycemic sx
Fasting blood glucose <40 Immediate recovery with administration of glucose |
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How is Addison's Dz diagnosed?
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1.) 8:00am plasma cortisol <3 ug/dL with elevated ACTH >200 pg/mL
2.)Cosyntropin stimulation test: serum cortisol increase <20 ug/dL after administration of cosyntropin |
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DHEA levels <1000 ng/mL ________ Addison's
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excludes
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Buffalo hump, moon facies and supraclavicular pads are associated with ___________
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Cushing's Dz
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Excretion of free cortisol in the urine _______ in 24 hrs or greater than _______ of cortisol per gram of creatinine is diagnostic of Cushing's
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>125 mg/dL (free cortisol in urine)
95 mcg (cortisol per gram of creatinine) |
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In Cushing's disease overnight dexamethsone suppression will result in _____________
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plasma cortisol >10 ug/dL
(<5 ug/dL is normal) |
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Which drugs can cause false postives in cortisol excretion & plasma cortisol tests?
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Rifampin
Phenytoin Primidone Phenobarbital Carbamazapine Fenofibrate Estrogens Pregnancy |
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What is the treatment of choice for Cushing's Syndrome?
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transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary adenoma & hydrocortisol replacement
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What is the treatment of choice for central DI and DI assoc with pregnancy?
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Desmopressin acetate
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What is the treatment for nephrogenic DI?
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Indomethacin +/- HCTZ, Desmopressin or Ameloride
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Milkman lines or Looser zones on x-ray indicate ________
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Osteomalacia
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Patients of _______should be treated prophylactically for osteomalacia.
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Phenytoin
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What is the treatment of choice for Paget's?
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Prompt cyclic administration of bisphosphonates -
alendronate, tiludronate, zoledronic acid, or pamidronate) |
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Dietary cholesterol intake should not exceed ________ for patients with Dyslipidemia
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200 mg/daily
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What is the MOA of statins?
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inhibition of rate-limiting enzyme in formation of cholestrol
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What is the MOA of fibric acids derivatives (gemfibrozil, fenofibrate)?
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reduction of synthesis & increased breakdown of VLDL
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What is the MOA of Ezetimibe?
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blocks intestinal absorption of dietary & biliary cholesterol
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