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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What drug should be given to a pt who has ODed on alprazolam?
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Flumazenil
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What drug should be given to a pt who has ODed on opiates?
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Naloxone
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What drug should be given to a pt for agitation in an ER setting?
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Haloperidol
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What drug is used to reverse anti-psychotic acute dystonic reactions?
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Benzotropine
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What drug should be given for alcohol withdrawal?
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Clonipine
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What drug will help relieve withdrawal symptoms of opiates?
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Diphenhydramine
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Triamterine
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Potassium Sparing
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Furosimide
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Loop
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Hydrochlorothiazide
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Thiazide
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Metolazone
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Thiazide
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Spironolactone
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Potassium Sparing
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Amiloride
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Potassium Sparing
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What drug is given for an ASA overdose?
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Sodium Bicarbonate
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What drug is given for an acetaminophine overdose?
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Acetylcysteine
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What drug is given for NSAID overdose?
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Sodium Bicarbonate
Activated Charcoal (up to four hours after OD) |
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Heparin
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-Anticoag
-1-2 hour half-life -Protamine sulfate is antidote |
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LMWH
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-anticoag
-only once/twice daily dosing needed -do not need to monitor aPTT -used in massive PEs and DVTs, postsurgery prophylaxis -used until warfarin has entered pt's system |
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Warfarin
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-best used in clot prevention in slow running areas of blood (ie, veins)
-INR monitoring required -used in A Fib and artificial heart valves -takes at least a day to work, but stays in system 2-5 days -Vitamin K is antidote -Drug interaction issues -anticoag |
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Antiplatelets
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-used in artereal circ (STEMIs, NSTEMIs, ischemic events w athrosclerosis)
-ASA, Clopidogrel |
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Inferior MI
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II, II, aVF
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RCA
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Anterior MI/Septal MI
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V3-V4, V1-V2
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LDA
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Lateral MI
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V5-V6, I, aVL
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L circumflex
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Posterior MI
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ST depression in V1-V2
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L circumflex, RCA
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RV Infarct
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Inferior MI/II, III, aVF ST elevations
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FLUIDS
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Right Sided Heart Failure
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Edema, ascites, hepatomegally
Parasternal Heave |
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Left Sided Heart Failure
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PND, orthopnea, dyspnea
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CHF First Line Treatment
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ACEi
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HTN First Line Treatment
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Thiazides
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Menopause
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Very High FSH
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Meningitis with rapidly spreading petichial rash
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Neisseria meningitidis
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Most common meningitis in neonates
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Group B strep
E. coli |
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Most common meningitis in kids
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N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae
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Most common meningitis in adults
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N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae
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Acute bacterial meningitis LP
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Low glucose
High PRO PMNs >300 |
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Viral meningitis LP
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Normal glucose
Normal or high PRO PMNs <300 |
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Hirschsprung's disease symptoms
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1.Delayed passage of meconium
2.Abdominal distension 3.Constipation 4.Chronic Enterocolitis |
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Hirschsprung's disease diagnosis
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Only definitive diagnosis via biopsy
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Hirschsprung's disease treatment
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Surgery
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Intussusception symptoms
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pulling legs to the chest
currant jelly stool |
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Intussusception diagnosis
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Barium enima
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Intussusception treatment
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Barium enima
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Double Bubble Sign
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Duodenal atresia
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Vitamin deficiency common in ETOH
Sx: weight loss, emotional disturbances, impaired sensory perception, weakness and pain in the limbs, and periods of irregular heart rate, edema |
Thiamine Deficiency
(Vitamin B1) |
Beriberi
Wernike's encepholopathy |
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Vitamin deficiency
GI symptoms, anemia, and neuro symptoms Neuro Sx: Impaired perception of deep touch, pressure and vibration, abolishment of sense of touch, very annoying and persistent paresthesias, Ataxia of dorsal cord type, Decrease or abolishment of deep muscle-tendon reflexes, Babinski, Rossolimo reflexes |
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
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Megaloblastic/Pernicious anemia
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Vitamin deficiency
Loss of appetite, and weight loss can occur. Additional signs are weakness, sore tongue, headaches, heart palpitations, irritability, and behavioral disorders |
Folate Deficiency
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"the four D's": diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia and death
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Niacin Deficiency
(Vitamin B3) |
Pellegra
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-Bleeding within the brain
-penetrating head trauma, depressed skull fractures, Acceleration-deceleration trauma, rupture of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and bleeding within a tumor |
Cerebral Hemorrhage
(Intra-Axial) |
CT Scan shows blood brighter than surrounding tissue
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-Patients have a loss of consciousness (LOC), then a lucid interval, then sudden deterioration (vomiting, restlessness, LOC)
-Trauma to middle megingeal artery |
Epidural Hemorrhage
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Head CT shows lenticular (convex) deformity
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-occurs when there is tearing of the bridging vein between the cerebral cortex and a draining venous sinus
-associated with cerebral cortex injury -Patients may have a history of loss of consciousness but they recover and do not relapse |
Subdural Hemorrhage
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Head CT shows crescent-shaped deformity
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-Caused by trauma or aneurysm rupture
-severe headache with a rapid onset ("thunderclap headache") -confusion or a lowered level of consciousness, and sometimes seizures |
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Blood filling cisterns, sulci, and fissures
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Heinz bodies
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G6PD
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Howell-Jolly bodies
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asplenia
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Philadelphia Chromosome
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CML
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Auer Rod
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AML
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Reed-Sternberg cells
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Hodgkin's lymphoma
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Hypersegmented neutrophils
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Megalobastic anemia
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Bence-Jones proteins
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Multiple myeloma
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Strawberry cervix
Flagellated |
Trichomonas vaginalis
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Metronidazole
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Clue cells
Fishy Odor |
Bacterial vaginosis
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Metronidazole/clinda
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KOH
Pseudohyphae |
yeast infection (candidiasis)
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Fluconazole
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