Palate, Nasal Cavities, And Paranasal Sinuses

Front 1

1. What specific bony portions make up the hard palate?
2. What is the sensory innervation of the hard palate?
3. What is the blood supply?

Back 1

1. Palatine process of maxilla & Horizontal process of palatine bone
2. Ant (Nasopalatine n V2) Post: (Greater palatine n V2)
3. Ant (Sphenopalatine a) Post: (Greater palatine a.)

Front 2

1. What are the 5 m that make up the soft palate?

Back 2

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Palatoglossus
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Musculus uvulae
Palatopharyngeus

Front 3

1. What is the motor innervation of the m of soft palate?
2. What is the sensory innervation?
3. What is the blood supply?

Back 3

1. Tensor veli palatini m - Mandibular n V3... Rest from Vagus CN X
2. Lesser palatine n V2 & Glossopharyngeal n CN IX
3. Lesser palatine & ascending palatine a

Front 4

What foramen to the following enter the oral cavity through and what is there origin?
1. Greater palatine n?
2. Nasopalatine n?
3. Spheno paltine a?
4.

Back 4

1. Greater palatine foramen
2. Incisor canal
3. incisor canal

Front 5

1. What is the fxn of the soft palate?
2. What two muscles elevate the soft palate?
3. What are two actions of the palatopharyngeus m?

Back 5

1. Close opening to the nasopharynx
2. Levator veli palatini & tensor veli palatini
3. Elevate the tongue & elevates the pharyngeal m to enlarge the pharynx cavity

Front 6

1. What does the palatoglossal arch cover?
2. the palatopharyngeal arch?
3. Which is more anterior?
4. What is between these arches?

Back 6

1. Palatoglossus m
2. Paltopharyngeus m
3. Palatoglossal is more anterior
4. Palatine tonsil

Front 7

1. What are the 4 steps of swallowing?

Back 7

1. Soft palate elevates and closes off nasopharynx
2. Pharynx is raised by suparahyoid m
3. Tongue propels bolus of food posteriorly
4. Sequential contraction of the pharyngeal constrictors pushes the bolus down to the esophagus while the epiglottis closes off the trachea

Front 8

1. What are the 3 fxns of the nasal cavity?
2. What divides the cavity into 2 chambers?
3. What is the sensory & motor in it?
4. What is the blood supply?

Back 8

1. Respiration (Filters & humidifies), Olfaction, Drains secretions from lacrimal glands & facial sinuses
2. Nasal septum
3. Trigeminal n (V1,2) Motor: Facial CN VII
4. Branches of opthalmic & facial a.

Front 9

1. What 3 bones comprise the medial aspect of the nose?
2. What does the nasal cavity communicate with anteriorly?
3. Posteriorly?
4. What is the roof formed by?
5. What is the floor formed by?

Back 9

1. Vomer, Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, septal cartilage
2. Nares (nostrils)
3. pharynx via choana
4. frontal, nasal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones
5. palate

Front 10

1. What does the sphenoid sinus drain into?
2. Which of the concha is an individual bone, what are the others a part of?
3. What is a turbinate?

Back 10

1. Sphenoethmoidal recess
2. Inferior concha, middle and superior are part of the ethmoid bone
3. A concha covered by mucosa

Front 11

1. What meatus leads to the posterior ethmoid sinus?
2. What is a raised eminence caused by bulging of middle ethmoidal cells
3. What meatus is nearest this eminence?
4. What is a curved cleft between bulla ethmoidalis and ucinate process
5. What opening does this contain?

Back 11

1. Superior meatus
2. Bulla ethmoidalis
3. Middle meatus
4. Hiatus semilunaris
5. Openings for the drainage of anterior ethmoidal cells, frontal sinus and maxillary sinus (into middle meatus)

Front 12

1. What meatus opens into the nasolacrimal duct?
2. What is an opening from the nasal cavity into the pharynx? 3. What ear related tube is found here?

Back 12

1. Inferior meatus
2. Choana
3. Middle auditory tube

Front 13

1. What n passes through the cribiform plate?
2. Which bone is the cribriform plate a part of?
3. What n.s provide general sensation to the nasal septum?
4. Which of the above n passes through the incisor foramen?

Back 13

1. Olfactor n CN I
2. Ethmoid bone
3. Medial nasal branch of anterior ethmoid (branch of nasociliary V1) & Nasopalatine (From pterygopalatine ganglion, V2)
4. Nasopalatine

Front 14

1. What is the innervation of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Back 14

1. Lateral nasal branch of anterior ethmoidal a from V1
2. Posterior superior branch of pterygopalatine ganglion
3. Posterior inferior branch of pterygopalatine ganglion from V2

Front 15

1. What is the arterial supply of the nasal cavity?

Back 15

1. Superior 1/3 from anterior and posterior ethmoid aa from opthalmic
2. Inferior 2/3 frombranches of sphenopalatine a from maxillary a
3. Anterior inferior: Ascending palatine and septal branches of superior labial a.

Front 16

1. What is an area in the anterior nasal septum where branches of the ECA & ICA meet?
2. What is it a common site for?
3. Nosebleeds involving which a. are more likely to be life threatening?

Back 16

1. Kiesselbach's plexus
2. nosebleeds
3. Sphenopalatine a.- large amounts of blood going a direction that does not handle it well

Front 17

1. Why is arterial supply in the nose very important?
2. Generically what is a sinus?

Back 17

1. It humidifies and warms the air
2. An air pocket covered by a mucosal lining

Front 18

1. What are the 4 main nasal sinuses and where

Back 18

1. Sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, Maxillary

Front 19

1. The sphenoid sinus drains through what opening?
2. What can this sinus allow surgical access to?

Back 19

1. Sphenoethmoidal recess
2. Pituitary

Front 20

1. Where are the ethmoid sinuses located?
2. What meatus do the superior sinuses drain into?
3. Middle and inferior?

Back 20

1. Medial to the orbit, lateral to the nasal cavity
2. Superior meatus
3. Middle meatus

Front 21

1. What meatus does the frontal sinus drain into?
2. Which sinus is largest and drains to the middle meatus?

Back 21

1. Middle sinus via the Hiatus semilunaris
2. Maxilary

Front 22

1. Which sinus is most infection prone?

Back 22

1. Maxillary- drainage would occur at the top so it has to fill completely before drain, or by lying down.. Exerts pressure on the orbits, might cause teeth issues

Front 23

1. If the nasal septum is pushed off to one side, what is it called and what might be symptoms?
2. What is a treatment for sleep apnea, consisting of a device strapped onto the nose at night to regulate the lfow of air into the respiratory system
3. What might loss of olfactory fxn be symptomatic of?

Back 23

1. Deviated septum, labored breathing
2. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure
3. Alzheimer's disease