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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_________ is an individual; biologic & pyschologic, varies day to day.
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pain
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__________ is physical; process by which pain is received and transmitted through the nervous system; varies little.
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pain perception
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__________ is interpretation of pain; response varies among and within patients.
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pain reaction
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Hyporeactive patient = ______threshold
Hyperreactive patient = _____ threshold |
high
low |
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Bennett’s
Remove pain stimulus ____ Block pathway of message __ LA does this Prevent reaction by raising reaction threshold __ - Nitrous, Consc. Sed. Depress CNS ___ - General Use psychosomatic methods - ___ Label as PP or PR |
PP
PP PR PR both |
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________ is body’s response to threat
that is not immediate |
anxiety
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Fidgeting
Repetitious mvts Pacing Easily startled Frequent changes in position are signs of _________ |
anxiety/waiting room
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________ body’s response to immediate threat
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fear
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_______ is fear or anxiety that is irrational, persistent, and unreasonable in relation to threat
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phobia
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Feet off side of chair
Fidgeting Head away from clinician Arms folded on chest Excessive talking/silence Rapid breathing are signs of ________ |
fear
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Psychological management
Patient Education Patient Control Behavioral Management Modeling Distraction Relaxation Biofeedback Hypnosis Systematic Desensitization |
study
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Pain generates through ______
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neurons
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Dendrites → cell body → ______
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axon
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Injury; chemical, electrical, thermal, mechanical are types of ______
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stimulus
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Polarization – _____ neuron; polarized membrane, resting potential
______ pumped out of membrane (membrane relatively impermeable to sodium) ________ pumped into membrane ______ charge inside; _____ charge outside ___mV negative potential |
resting
sodium potassium negatively positively -70 |
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_____ is altering of permeability of membrane in response to stimulus
_______ into membrane; this creates reversed polarity (__ inside, __ outside) Slow start until (–50 to -60 mV) then rapid to (+ ___ mV) Sodium movement is passive |
depolarization
sodium positive negative +40 |
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______ is return to resting potential process
Occurs with fraction of second – total process is 1 millisecond Membrane becomes impermeable to _______ again (____mV) restored |
repolarization
sodium -70 |
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__________ nerve will not respond to another stimulus
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Absolute Refractory Period
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_________ nerve will respond but higher impulse required
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Relative Refractory Period
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Impulse spread
Site of stimulus – ______ Self-propagating after initial impulse Length of each nerve along the CNS to brain Myelinated vs. non-myelinated transmission ________– entire length of each nerve ________ – jumps from Node (of Ranvier) to node called Saltatory conduction; advantage is speed of impulse Size of nerve; larger = thicker myelin = more rapid Most dental nerves are _______ |
nerve
Non-myelinated Myelinated myelinated |
