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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Behavior displayed depends on:
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-species
-age -breed -sex -personality -severity and duration of pain |
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Pain behaviors
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-body posture and activity
-locomotor activity -vocalization -altered facial expressions -appetite -general appearance -response to manipulation -urinary and bowel habits -sleep cycles -social interactions |
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Body posture and position
-pain interpretation |
-anxious or restless (can't get comfortable)
-abnormal posture (hunched, praying position, statue-like, abnormal body part position) -reluctance to move -reluctance to lie down -changing positions -won't interact normally (hiding, aggressive) |
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Locomotor activity
-pain interpretation |
-limping and guarding (limb pain)
-stilted gait -excessive weight in front or hind limbs -reluctance to move: |
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Vocalization can be due to:
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-anxiety
-pain |
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Vocalization
-dogs |
-groaning
-whining -whimpering -growling -screaming |
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Vocalization
-cats |
-groan
-growl -purr |
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What should you make sure that vocalization is not an expression of?
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-need to urinate
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Vocalization
-cattle |
-typically doesn't occur except with the initial acute event
-grind teeth -grunt |
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Vocalization
-horse |
-more common with distress than pain
-teeth grinding |
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Vocalization
-swine |
-with acute distress or as an immediate response to the painful insult, but won't continue
-difficult to know if pain or distress |
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Altered facial expression and appearance
-dogs |
-fixed glare, focused
-glazed appearance -oblivious to environment -depressed -poorly groomed -tense or tightened face |
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Altered facial expression and appearance
-cats |
-furrowed brow
-squinted eyes -depressed -poor hair coat, poorly groomed |
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When a cat is poorly groomed, what should you question?
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-is there something wrong with the mouth
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Common effect on appetite by acute or chronic pain
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-anorexia
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If anorexia is present post-op, what is important to do?
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-rule out influence of analgesics (opioids)
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Effect of pain on GI in cattle
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-decreased eructation
-decreased rumination |
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Effect of pain on general appearance
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-loss of hair coat sheen
-hair loss from chronic stress -failure to groom |
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Effect of pain on response to manipulation
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-muscle splinting or tenseness
-defensive (withdrawal to being touched) -aggressive -vocalization -allodynia, hyperalgesia |
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Effect of pain on urinary and bowel habits
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-urinate inside or inappropriate places because they are too uncomfortable to go outside/move
-frequent urination with bladder or urethral irritation |
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Effect of pain on sleeping behavior
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-frequently do not sleep, or sleep short periods and then get up
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Why does pain affect sleep
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-inflammatory mediators build up in joint fluid while sleeping
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Effect of pain on socialization
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-animal that usually likes being around other people/animals and now isolates itself
-dogs/cats that hide because they are afraid of being picked up or petted |
