Packet 2

Front 1

Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

Back 1

Florida Purchase Treaty/Transcontinental Treay- the US paid Spain $5million for Florida, Spain recognized America's claim to the Oregon country

Front 2

American system

Back 2

set of proposals by Henry Clay that called for a national bank, protective tariffs, & internal improvements

Front 3

Andrew Jackson

Back 3

US general who defeated the N.As @ Horseshoe Bend

Front 4

Battle of New Orleans

Back 4

a major battle of the War of 1812

Front 5

Chesapeake-Leopard Affair

Back 5

brought on a war crisis when the British warship Leopard attacked the American warship Chesapeake

Front 6

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

Back 6

case in which the Supreme Court prevented New Hampshire from changing Dartmouth's charter to make it a public institution

Front 7

embargo act (1807)

Back 7

law passed by congress stopping all US exports until British and French interference w/ US merchant ships stopped

Front 8

Fletcher v. Peck (1810)

Back 8

established the court's power to invalidate state laws contrary to the Constitution

Front 9

Gibbon v. Ogden (1824)

Back 9

landmark case in which the Supreme Court struck down a NY law that granted a monopoly to certain steam-boats operating b/w NY and NJ

Front 10

Hartford Convention

Back 10

meeting of New Eng. state leaders in 1814; the delegates called for restrictions on embargoes and limits on presidential tenure

Front 11

Henry Clay

Back 11

leading American statesman. member of congress, speaker of the house, senator, and secretary of state, and made 3 failed attempts at president

Front 12

impressment

Back 12

the forceful drafting of American sailors into the British navy

Front 13

John Marshall

Back 13

chief justice of the US Supreme Court

Front 14

Louisiana Purchase

Back 14

an 828,000 sq-mi region purchased from France in 1803 for $15million

Front 15

macon's bill no 2 (1810)

Back 15

modified embargo that replaced the non-intercourse act of 1809. reopened trade w/ both Britain and France but held that if either agreed to respect America's neutrality in their conflict, the US would end trade w/ the other

Front 16

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Back 16

court case that established the principle of judicial review

Front 17

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Back 17

the Supreme Court established the supremacy of federal law over state law. court set aside a MD law that attempted to control the actions of the Baltimore branch of the 2nd National Bank of the US

Front 18

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Back 18

settlement of a dispute over the spread of slavery that was authored by Henry Clay

Front 19

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Back 19

issued to counter a perceived threat from European powers to the newly-independent nations of Latin America

Front 20

non-intercourse act (1809)

Back 20

replaced the embargo policy by allowing American trade w/ all countries except Britain and France

Front 21

panic of 1819

Back 21

severe depression that followed the economic boom of the post-war of 1812 years

Front 22

2nd Bank of the US

Back 22

national bank organized in 1816; it held federal tax receipts and regulated the amount of money circulating in the economy

Front 23

Treaty of Ghent (1815)

Back 23

agreement that ended the War of 1812 but was silent on the causes of the war

Front 24

war hawks

Back 24

young congressmen in the 12th congress from the south who demanded war with Britain

Front 25

corrupt bargain

Back 25

agreement b/w presidential candidates Henry Clay and JQA during the disputed election of 1824

Front 26

Daniel Webster

Back 26

noted orator, constitutional lawyer, senator, secretary of state, and major spokesman for nationalism and the union in the 1830's, 40's, and 50's

Front 27

democratic party

Back 27

the modern day, major political party whose antecedents can be traced to the democratic republican party

Front 28

"Exposition and Protest"

Back 28

document secretly written by John Calhoun in support of nullification

Front 29

"his accidency"

Back 29

nickname given to John Tyler in 1841 by his opponents when he assumed the presidency upon the death of William Henry Harrison

Front 30

Indian removal act (1830)

Back 30

gave the president authority to negotiate treaties w/ se'rn tribes and to trade their land in the E for territory in the west

Front 31

John C. Calhoun

Back 31

vice president under both JQA and Andrew Jackson. wrote "Exposition and Protest"

Front 32

John Quincy Adams

Back 32

son of president John Adams and secretary of state who helped purchase Florida and formulate the Monroe Doctrine and president who supported an activist gov't and economic nationalism

Front 33

market revolution

Back 33

the process that took place in 19th century America in which an economy dominated by small farmers and manufacturers produced for a distant cash market

Front 34

Martin Van Buren

Back 34

senator, vice president, and president of the US. panic of 1837. free soil party

Front 35

nullification

Back 35

theory that the states created the Constitution as a compact among them and they were the final judge of constitutionality of federal law

Front 36

panic of 1837

Back 36

a major depression that lasted from 1837-1844

Front 37

pet banks

Back 37

financial institutions friendly to Andrew Jackson's administration that received federal funds when he vetoed the second national banks's recharter in 1832

Front 38

specie circular (1836)

Back 38

a federal gov't action to dampen inflation brought on by land speculation following the closure of the 2nd national bank

Front 39

spoils system

Back 39

practice of appointing people to gov't positions as a reward for their loyalty and political support

Front 40

tariff of abominations

Back 40

name given to a high tariff passed in 1828

Front 41

trail of tears (1838)

Back 41

removal of some 18,000 Cherokees, evicted from lands in SE'rn US and marched to Indian Territory

Front 42

whigs

Back 42

political party formed in 1832 in opposition to Andrew Jackson