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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what does the pacing circuit consist of
power source
one or more conducting leads
myocardium
what can be paced with the pacemaker
atria and or vents
how does the electrical signal travel wth the pacemaker
pacemaker ---through the leads---- to wall of myocardium
how does the pacemaker cause the heart to contract
the myocardium is captured and stimulated
what is needed for the impulse to be accepted
healthy tissue
reasons for pacemaker
bradydysrhythmias
antitachycardia
delivery of a stimulus to the vent to terminate tachdysrhythmias
antitachy pacing
pacing the atrium at raes of 200-500 impulses/min to terminate atrial tachycardias
overdrive pacing
how long does pacemaker last
8-10 yrs
needed for current to flow
lead
muscle
conductive solution
pacing stimulus results in depolarization of chamber being fired
capture
AKA firing
capture
what is needed for capture to occur
distal tip of pacing lead in contact with healthy myocardium
what is capture measured in
milliamperes
pacemaker able to detect presence of intrinsic cardiac activity
sensing
sensing measured in what
millivolts
power outside the body
temporary pacemaker
types of temporary pacemaker
transvenous
epicardial
transcutaneous
placed onto heart during surgery
epicardial
patches that pace
transcutaneous
threaded into superior vena cava w/ external piece
transvenous
can be painful and req's sedation and analgesia
transcutaneous
where are electrodes placed for epicardial pacemaker
on atria or vent
epicardial pacemaker process
ends pulled through chest wall
sutured to chest wall
attached to external pulse generator
implanted within the body
permanent
pacing technique that resynchronizes the cardiac cycle by pacing both vents
CRT-- cardiac resynchronization therapy
what is CRT often combined with
ICD
failure of pacer to sense pt's spontaneous atrial or vent activity and continues to fire inappropriately
undersensing
causes of undersensing
lead damage
battery failure
sensitivity too high--turn down mv
disogdement of electrode
pacer fires and no contraction follows
failure to capture
reasons for malfunction
voltage too low
battery failure
fibrosis at electrode tip
what to do it undersensing
turn up milliamps
turn to left side
check connections
check electrolytes
pacer fires at a pace lower than the set rate... no paced beats
oversensing
causes of oversensing
sensitivity too low
electrical interference
battery depletion
what to do if oversensing
decrease sensitivity to rhythm