P409 Exercise In Hot And Cold Environments(Vocab Only)

Front 1

Acclimation

Back 1

Physiological adaptation to repeated environmental stresses, occurring over a relatively brief period of time (days to weeks). Often occurs in a lab environment

Front 2

Acclimatization

Back 2

Physiological adaptation to repeated environmental stress in a natural environment,occurring over months and years of living and exercising in that environment

Front 3

Aldosterone

Back 3

A mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that prevents dehydration by promoting renal absorption of sodium

Front 4

antidiuretic hormone (ADH): arginine vasopressin

Back 4

A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that regulates fluid and electrolyte balance in the blood by reducing urine production

Front 5

Conduction

Back 5

1) Transfer of heat through direct molecular contact with a solid object

2) Movement of an electrical impulse, such as through a neuron

Front 6

Convection

Back 6

The transfer of heat of cold via the movement of gas or liquid across an object, such as the body

Front 7

Critical Temperature Theory

Back 7

Theory that prolonged exercise in hot environments is limited by attainment of a fixed elevated core temperature

Front 8

Dry heat exchange

Back 8

Heat transfer by the combined avenues of convection, conduction, and radiation

Front 9

Eccrine sweat gland

Back 9

simple sweat glands dispersed over the body surface that respond to increases in core or skin temp (or both) and facilitate thermoregulation

Front 10

Evaporation

Back 10

Heat loss through the conversion of water (such as in sweat) to vapor

Front 11

Frostbite

Back 11

tissue damage that occurs during cold exposure because circulation to the skin deceases, in an attempt to retain body heat, to the point tissues receive insufficient oxygen and nutrients

Front 12

Habituation

Back 12

short-term adaptation to a stress

Front 13

Heat Cramp

Back 13

cramping of the skeletal muscles as a result of excessive dehydration and the associated salt loss

Front 14

Heat Exhaustion

Back 14

A heat disorder resulting from an inability of the cardiovascular system to meet all the body tissues needs while also shifting the blood to the periphery for cooling, characterized by elevated body temp, breathlessness, extreme tiredness, dizziness, and rapid pulse

Front 15

Heatstroke

Back 15

The most serious heat disorder, resulting from failure of the body's thermoregulatory mechanisms. Characterized by temp above 40.5 C(105 F), cessation of sweating, and total confusion or unconsciousness and can lead to death

Front 16

Hyperthermia

Back 16

elevated body temp; any temp above a person's normal resting body temperature

Front 17

Hypothermia

Back 17

low body temp; any temperature below the given person's normal temperature

Front 18

Hypoxemia

Back 18

A decreased oxygen content or concentration within the blood

Front 19

Insulation

Back 19

Resistance to dry heat exchange

Front 20

Non-shivering thermogenesis

Back 20

The stimulation of metabolism by the sympathetic nervous system to generate more metabolic heat

Front 21

Preoptic-anterior hypothalamus(POAH)

Back 21

The area of the mid-brain that is the primary controller of theromoregulatory function