Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Ventilatory Threshold
|
Point at which ventilation increases disproportionately to oxygen consumption
the respiratory response to increased carbon dioxide levels work rate exceeds 55%-70% of VO2max |
|
|
Afterload
|
The pressure against which the heart must pump blood, determined by the peripheral resistance in the large arteries
|
|
|
Anaerobic Threshold ( also called Lactate Threshold)
|
The point at which the metabolic demands of exercise can no longer be met by available aerobic sources and at which an increase in anaerobic metabolism occurs, reflected by an increase in blood lactate concentration.
|
|
|
Cardiovascular drift
|
An increase in heart rate during exercise to compensate for a decrease in stroke volume.
Helps maintain constant C.O. (cardiac output) |
|
|
Central Command
|
Information origination in the brain that is transmitted to the cardiovascular, muscular, or pulmonary systems
|
|
|
dyspnea
|
labored or difficult breathing
|
|
|
exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)
|
A decline in arterial PO2 and arterial oxygen saturation during maximal or near-maximal exercise
|
|
|
Frank-Starling mechanism
|
The mechanism by which an increased amount of blood in the ventricle causes a stronger ventricular contraction to increase the amount of blood ejected
|
|
|
hemoconcentration
|
A relative increase in the cellular content per unit of blood volume, resulting from a reduction in plasma volume
|
|
|
hyperventilation
|
A breathing rate or tidal volume greater than necessary for normal function
|
|
|
Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (minute ventilation)
|
The maximal capacity to move air into and out of the lungs
|
|
|
Maximum Heart Rate (HRmax)
|
The highest heart rate value attainable during an all-out effort to the point of exhaustion
HR increases directly in proportion to increase in exercise intensity |
|
|
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
|
The average pressure exerted by the blood as it travels through the arteries
MAP = DBP + [0.333 x (SBP - DBP) |
|
|
Preload
|
The degree to which the myocardium is stretched before it contracts, determined by factors such as central blood volume
|
|
|
Central Blood Volume (CBV)
|
The combined volume of blood in the heart cavities, lungs and central arterial tree.
CBV is increased during sympathetic stimulation. |
|
|
Resting Heart Rate (RHR)
|
The heart rate at rest
averaging 60-80 beats/min |
|
|
Steady-state heart rate
|
A heart rate that is maintained constant at sub-maximal levels of exercise when the rate of work is held constant
|
|
|
total peripheral resistance (TPR)
|
The resistance to the flow of blood through the entire systemic circulation
|
|
|
Valsalva maneuver
|
The process of holding the breath an attempting to compress the contents of the abdominal and thoracic cavities, causing increased intra-abdominal and intrathoratic pressure
|
|
|
Ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide
|
The ratio of the volume of air ventilated (Ve) to the amount of carbon dioxide produced (VCO2)
|
|
|
Ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (Ve/VO2)
|
The ratio between the volume of air ventilated (Ve) and the amount of oxygen consumed (VO2)
indicates breathing economy |
